GitLab

Sven Tennie pushed to branch wip/supersven/hadrian-cross-stage3 at Glasgow Haskell Compiler / GHC

Commits:

10c23983

by Sven Tennie at 2026-10-11T06:54:09+00:00

ci: Build Stage3 and Stage2 bindists for cross targets in one job (#26924)

Building the stage3 target bindist already produces most of the stage2
cross-compiler bindist as a byproduct, so building them in separate jobs
duplicates the build efforts for no benefit. Instead of a separate
CROSS_STAGE=3 job, the stage3 job now also builds and publishes the
stage2 bindist.

The stage3 tarball is named and versioned as if it were built natively
on the target (target triple prefix, non-cross opsys), so its artifact
name stays what downstream consumers already expect and no changes are
needed on their side.

For now, this is only enabled for the RISC-V job. Others can easily
follow.

ceaa3ddb

by Sven Tennie at 2026-10-11T06:54:09+00:00

ci: model cross targets as structured TargetPlatform triples

Storing the cross target as a raw triple forced ad-hoc parsing at every
use, and broke the single responsibility rule. Modelling it as a
structured `TargetPlatform`` instead, avoids parsing and provides a
clear separation of concerns.

d0570c3e

by Sven Tennie at 2026-10-11T06:54:09+00:00

ci: use a scalar cross-stage switch, FINAL_CROSS_STAGE=2|3

For cross-compilers, Stage2 bindists are (almost) a by-product of Stage3
bindists. Thus, we either build Stage2 or Stage2 + Stage3 bindists. The
commit at hand reflects this fact in types.

2c7a99fc

by Sven Tennie at 2026-10-11T06:54:27+00:00

ci: extract the cross smoke tests into a separate smoke_test command

This reduces if-nesting and complexity of the main `test_hadrian`
command. The decision how to test is now made by the caller. This is a
fair choice, because most test cases can run under emulation - they are
just very slow then.

cf4361ca

by Sven Tennie at 2026-10-11T06:54:28+00:00

ci: inline the FINAL_CROSS_STAGE renderer

`finalCrossStageEnvVal` was small and only used in one place.

f4e45edd

by Sven Tennie at 2026-10-11T06:54:28+00:00

hadrian: clarify cross-stage settings and project.mk comments

Reword the settings-rule comment to name the two stage roles
(compilerStage vs libraryStage) and explain what 'the final
architecture' in terms of project.mk generation means.

119a2f36

by Sven Tennie at 2026-10-11T06:54:34+00:00

Fix intepreter settings for native target bindists

Stage3 cross-compiled bindists wrongly assumed they cannot run the
interpreter natively. Fix this by adjusting compile flags and choosing
the correct libs/target/default.target files per compiler stage.

28789d48

by Sven Tennie at 2026-10-11T09:02:38+02:00

Generate default.target only from the successor stage for stage0

This mirrors the behaviour for the settings' rules. Reflects that Stage0
compilers depend on the Stage1 lib/ dir.

Changes:

.gitlab/ci.sh

@@ -62,9 +62,10 @@ Common Modes:
  Environment variables affecting the build:
    CROSS_TARGET      Triple of cross-compilation target.
 -  CROSS_STAGE       The stage of the cross-compiler to build either
 -                      * 2: Build a normal cross-compiler bindist
 -                      * 3: Build a target executable bindist (with the stage2 cross-compiler)
 +  FINAL_CROSS_STAGE The final stage of the cross-compiler to build either
 +                      * 2: Build a cross-compiler bindist
 +                      * 3: Also build the target executable bindist
 +                          (builds stages 2 and 3; implies the bindist of 2)
    VERBOSE           Set to non-empty for verbose build output
    RUNTEST_ARGS      Arguments passed to runtest.py
    TEST_WAYS         Testsuite ways to run
@@ -573,10 +574,17 @@ function build_hadrian() {
      export XZ_OPT="${XZ_OPT:-} -T$cores"
    fi
 -  case "${CROSS_STAGE:-2}" in
 +  case "${FINAL_CROSS_STAGE:-2}" in
 ) BINDIST_TARGET="binary-dist";;
 -    3) BINDIST_TARGET="binary-dist-stage3";;
 -    *) fail "Unknown CROSS_STAGE, must be 2 or 3";;
 +    # Stage2 bindists are (almost) a byproduct of Stage3 bindists. So, we
 +    # bundle both of them when the Stage3 bindist is built.
 +    3)
 +      BINDIST_TARGET="binary-dist binary-dist-stage3"
 +      if [[ -z "${BIN_DIST_NAME_STAGE3:-}" ]]; then
 +        fail "FINAL_CROSS_STAGE=3 requires BIN_DIST_NAME_STAGE3 to be set"
 +      fi
 +      ;;
 +    *) fail "Unknown FINAL_CROSS_STAGE, must be 2 or 3";;
    esac
    if [[ -n "${REINSTALL_GHC:-}" ]]; then
@@ -590,6 +598,9 @@ function build_hadrian() {
          *)
            run_hadrian test:all_deps $BINDIST_TARGET
            mv _build/bindist/ghc*.tar.xz "$BIN_DIST_NAME.tar.xz"
 +          if [[ "${FINAL_CROSS_STAGE:-2}" == "3" ]]; then
 +            mv _build/bindist-stage3/ghc*.tar.xz "$BIN_DIST_NAME_STAGE3.tar.xz"
 +          fi
            ;;
      esac
    fi
@@ -648,6 +659,74 @@ function install_bindist() {
    end_section install-bindist
+ }
 +# Smoke-test the cross-compiled Stage2 and Stage2 bindists using the emulator.
 +# For cross jobs with a working emulator this runs instead of `test_hadrian`
 +# as a separate validation step after the build.
 +function smoke_test() {
 +  check_msys2_deps _build/stage1/bin/ghc --version
 +  check_release_build
++
 +  if [[ "${CROSS_EMULATOR:-}" == "NOT_SET" ]]; then
 +    info "Cannot test cross-compiled build without CROSS_EMULATOR being set."
 +    return
 +  fi
++
 +  local instdir="$TOP/_build/install"
 +  local test_compiler="$instdir/bin/${cross_prefix}ghc$exe"
 +  install_bindist _build/bindist/ghc-*/ "$instdir"
 +  echo 'main = putStrLn "hello world"' > expected
 +  run "$test_compiler" -package ghc "$TOP/.gitlab/hello.hs" -o hello
++
 +  if [[ "${CROSS_TARGET:-no_cross_target}" =~ "mingw" ]]; then
 +    ${CROSS_EMULATOR:-} ./hello.exe > actual
 +  else
 +    ${CROSS_EMULATOR:-} ./hello > actual
 +  fi
++
 +  # We have to use `-w` to make the test more stable across supported
 +  # platforms, i.e. Windows:
 +  # $ cmp expected actual
 +  # differ: byte 30, line 1
 +  # $ diff expected actual
 +  # 1c1
 +  # < main = putStrLn "hello world"
 +  # ---
 +  # > main = putStrLn "hello world"
 +  run diff -w expected actual
++
 +  if [[ "${FINAL_CROSS_STAGE:-2}" == "3" ]]; then
 +    local stage3_dir
 +    stage3_dir="$(echo _build/bindist-stage3/ghc-*/)"
 +    local stage3_ghc="$stage3_dir/bin/ghc$exe"
++
 +    info "Smoke-testing stage3 compiler..."
 +    run ${CROSS_EMULATOR} "$stage3_ghc" --info > stage3-info
 +    cat stage3-info
++
 +    # The stage3 compiler is a native target compiler: it must not consider
 +    # itself a cross-compiler, and GHCi support must be compiled in when the
 +    # target supports it.
 +    grep -q '"cross compiling","NO"' stage3-info \
 +      || fail "stage3 compiler reports itself as cross-compiling"
++
 +    if grep -q '"Use interpreter","YES"' stage3-info; then
 +      echo 'ghci works' > ghci-expected
 +      ${CROSS_EMULATOR:-} "$stage3_ghc" -e 'putStrLn "ghci works"' > ghci-actual
 +      run diff -w ghci-expected ghci-actual
 +    fi
++
 +    run ${CROSS_EMULATOR} "$stage3_ghc" -package ghc "$TOP/.gitlab/hello.hs" -o hello-stage3
++
 +    if [[ "${CROSS_TARGET:-no_cross_target}" =~ "mingw" ]]; then
 +      ${CROSS_EMULATOR:-} ./hello-stage3.exe > actual-stage3
 +    else
 +      ${CROSS_EMULATOR:-} ./hello-stage3 > actual-stage3
 +    fi
++
 +    run diff -w expected actual-stage3
 +  fi
 +}
++
  function test_hadrian() {
    check_msys2_deps _build/stage1/bin/ghc --version
    check_release_build
@@ -672,35 +751,7 @@ function test_hadrian() {
      fi
    fi
+-
 -  if [[ "${CROSS_EMULATOR:-}" == "NOT_SET" ]]; then
 -    info "Cannot test cross-compiled build without CROSS_EMULATOR being set."
 -    return
 -  # If we have set CROSS_EMULATOR, then can't test using normal testsuite.
 -  elif [ -n "${CROSS_EMULATOR:-}" ] && [[ "${CROSS_TARGET:-}" != *"wasm"* ]]; then
 -    local instdir="$TOP/_build/install"
 -    local test_compiler="$instdir/bin/${cross_prefix}ghc$exe"
 -    install_bindist _build/bindist/ghc-*/ "$instdir"
 -    echo 'main = putStrLn "hello world"' > expected
 -    run "$test_compiler" -package ghc "$TOP/.gitlab/hello.hs" -o hello
+-
 -    if [[ "${CROSS_TARGET:-no_cross_target}" =~ "mingw" ]]; then
 -      ${CROSS_EMULATOR:-} ./hello.exe > actual
 -    else
 -      ${CROSS_EMULATOR:-} ./hello > actual
 -    fi
+-
 -    # We have to use `-w` to make the test more stable across supported
 -    # platforms, i.e. Windows:
 -    # $ cmp expected actual
 -    # differ: byte 30, line 1
 -    # $ diff expected actual
 -    # 1c1
 -    # < main = putStrLn "hello world"
 -    # ---
 -    # > main = putStrLn "hello world"
 -    run diff -w expected actual
 -  elif [[ -n "${REINSTALL_GHC:-}" ]]; then
 +  if [[ -n "${REINSTALL_GHC:-}" ]]; then
      run_hadrian \
        test \
        --test-root-dirs=testsuite/tests/stage1 \
@@ -1131,6 +1182,7 @@ case ${1:-help} in
      time_it "test" test_hadrian || res=$?
      push_perf_notes
      exit $res ;;
 +  smoke_test) time_it "smoke-test" smoke_test ;;
    run_hadrian) shift; run_hadrian "$@" ;;
    perf_test) run_perf_test ;;
    abi_test) abi_test ;;

.gitlab/generate-ci/gen_ci.hs

@@ -110,26 +110,49 @@ data Opsys
    = Linux LinuxDistro
    | Darwin
    | FreeBSD14
 -  | Windows deriving (Eq)
 +  | Windows deriving (Eq, Show)
  data LinuxDistro
    = Debian13
    | Debian12
 -  | Debian12Wine
 -  | Debian13Riscv
    | Debian11
 -  | Debian11Js
    | Fedora43
 -  | Ubuntu2404LoongArch64
    | Ubuntu2404
    | Ubuntu2204
    | Alpine312
    | Alpine323
 -  | AlpineWasm
    | Rocky8
 -  deriving (Eq)
+-
 -data Arch = Amd64 | AArch64 | I386
 +  deriving (Eq, Show)
++
 +data Arch = Amd64 | AArch64 | I386 | RiscV64 | LoongArch | Wasm32 | JavaScript
 +  deriving (Show)
++
 +-- | Describes what the docker image is for: the development flavour of the
 +-- build environment, orthogonal to the image's own architecture ('Arch').
 +-- E.g. @FlavorRiscV@ denotes the image that carries the RISC-V cross
 +-- toolchain.
 +data ImageFlavor
 +  = FlavorVanilla
 +  | FlavorRiscV
 +  | FlavorLoongArch
 +  | FlavorWine
 +  | FlavorEmscripten
 +  | FlavorWasm
 +  deriving (Eq, Show)
++
 +-- | OS element of a configure target triple: this is the OS of the *target*
 +-- platform, not the build environment (that is 'Opsys'/'LinuxDistro').
 +data TargetOs
 +  = TargetOsLinuxGnu
 +  | TargetOsGhcjs
 +  | TargetOsMingw32
 +  | TargetOsWasi
 +  deriving (Eq, Show)
++
 +data TargetPlatform = TargetPlatform
 +  { tpArch :: Arch     -- ^ target architecture, e.g. 'RiscV64'
 +  , tpOs   :: TargetOs -- ^ target OS, e.g. 'TargetOsLinuxGnu'
 +  }
  data BignumBackend = Native | Gmp deriving Eq
@@ -158,8 +181,8 @@ data BuildConfig
                  , withAssertions :: Bool
                  , withNuma       :: Bool
                  , withZstd       :: Bool
 -                , crossTarget    :: Maybe String
 -                , crossStage     :: Maybe Int
 +                , crossTarget    :: Maybe TargetPlatform
 +                , crossStages    :: Maybe CrossStages
                  , crossEmulator  :: CrossEmulator
                  , configureWrapper :: Maybe String
                  , fullyStatic    :: Bool
@@ -180,7 +203,7 @@ configureArgsStr bc = unwords $
       ["--enable-unregisterised"| unregisterised bc ]
    ++ ["--disable-tables-next-to-code" | not (tablesNextToCode bc) ]
    ++ ["--with-intree-gmp" | Just _ <- [crossTarget bc] ]
 -  ++ ["--with-system-libffi" | crossTarget bc == Just "wasm32-wasi" ]
 +  ++ ["--with-system-libffi" | (tpOs <$> crossTarget bc) == Just TargetOsWasi ]
    ++ ["--enable-ipe-data-compression" | withZstd bc ]
    ++ ["--enable-strict-ghc-toolchain-check"]
@@ -229,7 +252,7 @@ vanilla = BuildConfig
    , withNuma = False
    , withZstd = False
    , crossTarget = Nothing
 -  , crossStage  = Nothing
 +  , crossStages = Nothing
    , crossEmulator = NoEmulator
    , configureWrapper = Nothing
    , fullyStatic = False
@@ -275,17 +298,54 @@ static = vanilla { fullyStatic = True }
  staticNativeInt :: BuildConfig
  staticNativeInt = static { bignumBackend = Native }
 -crossConfig :: String       -- ^ target triple
 +-- | The cross stages a build produces binary distributions for
 +data CrossStages
 +  = -- | Builds a cross-compiler (build == host, host /= target):
 +    -- its bindist runs on the build host.
 +    Stage2
 +  | -- | Implies `Stage2` and additionally builds a cross-compiled compiler
 +    -- (build /= host, host == target).
 +    Stage2And3
 +  deriving stock (Eq, Ord)
++
 +crossConfig :: TargetPlatform -- ^ target platform
              -> CrossEmulator -- ^ emulator for testing
              -> Maybe String -- ^ Configure wrapper
 +            -> CrossStages -- ^ final cross stages to build bindists for
              -> BuildConfig
 -crossConfig triple emulator configure_wrapper =
 -    vanilla { crossTarget = Just triple
 -            , crossStage  = Just 2
 +crossConfig targetPlatform emulator configure_wrapper crossStage =
 +    vanilla { crossTarget = Just targetPlatform
 +            , crossStages  = Just crossStage
              , crossEmulator = emulator
              , configureWrapper = configure_wrapper
+             }
 +-- | The docker image flavour of a build, derived from its cross target
 +-- (the image must carry the target's toolchain) or 'FlavorVanilla' for
 +-- plain builds.
 +buildFlavor :: BuildConfig -> ImageFlavor
 +buildFlavor bc = maybe FlavorVanilla flavorOf (crossTarget bc)
 +  where
 +    flavorOf :: TargetPlatform -> ImageFlavor
 +    flavorOf TargetPlatform{ tpArch = arch, tpOs = os } = case (arch, os) of
 +      (AArch64,    TargetOsLinuxGnu) -> FlavorVanilla
 +      (AArch64,    TargetOsMingw32)  -> FlavorWine
 +      (RiscV64,    TargetOsLinuxGnu) -> FlavorRiscV
 +      (LoongArch,  TargetOsLinuxGnu) -> FlavorLoongArch
 +      (Wasm32,     TargetOsWasi)     -> FlavorWasm
 +      (JavaScript, TargetOsGhcjs)    -> FlavorEmscripten
 +      _                              -> error $
 +        "flavorOf: no image flavour for target " ++ show arch ++ "/" ++ show os
++
 +-- | The configure target triple the build system consumes, e.g.
 +-- @"riscv64-linux-gnu"@.
 +renderTriple :: TargetPlatform -> String
 +renderTriple TargetPlatform{ tpArch = arch, tpOs = os } = case os of
 +  TargetOsLinuxGnu -> archName arch ++ "-linux-gnu"
 +  TargetOsGhcjs    -> archName arch ++ "-unknown-ghcjs"
 +  TargetOsMingw32  -> archName arch ++ "-unknown-mingw32"
 +  TargetOsWasi     -> archName arch ++ "-wasi"
++
  llvm :: BuildConfig
  llvm = vanilla { llvmBootstrap = True, testsuiteWays = ["llvm", "optllvm"] }
@@ -307,16 +367,16 @@ usePerfProfilingTestsuite bc = bc { testsuiteUsePerf = True }
  -- | These tags have to match what we call the runners on gitlab
  runnerTag :: Arch -> Opsys -> String
 -runnerTag arch (Linux _) =
 -  case arch of
 -    Amd64                -> "x86_64-linux"
 -    AArch64              -> "aarch64-linux"
 -    I386                 -> "x86_64-linux"
 -runnerTag AArch64 Darwin  = "aarch64-darwin"
 -runnerTag Amd64 Darwin    = "x86_64-darwin-m1"
 -runnerTag Amd64 Windows   = "new-x86_64-windows"
 -runnerTag Amd64 FreeBSD14 = "x86_64-freebsd14"
 -runnerTag _ _             = error "Invalid arch/opsys"
 +runnerTag arch opsys = case (arch, opsys) of
 +  (Amd64,   Linux{})    -> "x86_64-linux"
 +  (AArch64, Linux{})    -> "aarch64-linux"
 +  (I386,    Linux{})    -> "x86_64-linux"
 +  (AArch64, Darwin)     -> "aarch64-darwin"
 +  (Amd64,   Darwin)     -> "x86_64-darwin-m1"
 +  (Amd64,   Windows)    -> "new-x86_64-windows"
 +  (Amd64,   FreeBSD14)  -> "x86_64-freebsd14"
 +  _                     -> error $ "runnerTag: no runner for "
 +                                      ++ show arch ++ "/" ++ show opsys
  tags :: Arch -> Opsys -> BuildConfig -> [String]
  tags arch opsys _bc = [runnerTag arch opsys] -- Tag for which runners we can use
@@ -324,52 +384,92 @@ tags arch opsys _bc = [runnerTag arch opsys] -- Tag for which runners we can use
  runnerPerfTag :: Arch -> Opsys -> String
  runnerPerfTag arch sys = runnerTag arch sys ++ "-perf"
 --- These names are used to find the docker image so they have to match what is
 --- in the docker registry.
 +-- | These names are used to find the docker image so they have to match what
 +-- is in the docker registry.
  distroName :: LinuxDistro -> String
  distroName Debian13      = "deb13"
  distroName Debian12      = "deb12"
  distroName Debian11      = "deb11"
 -distroName Debian11Js    = "deb11-emsdk-closure"
 -distroName Debian13Riscv = "deb13-riscv"
 -distroName Debian12Wine  = "deb12-wine"
  distroName Fedora43      = "fedora43"
 -distroName Ubuntu2404LoongArch64 = "ubuntu24_04-loongarch"
  distroName Ubuntu2204    = "ubuntu22_04"
  distroName Ubuntu2404    = "ubuntu24_04"
  distroName Alpine312     = "alpine3_12"
  distroName Alpine323     = "alpine3_23"
 -distroName AlpineWasm    = "alpine3_23-wasm"
  distroName Rocky8        = "rocky8"
 -opsysName :: Opsys -> String
 -opsysName (Linux distro) = "linux-" ++ distroName distro
 -opsysName Darwin         = "darwin"
 -opsysName FreeBSD14      = "freebsd14"
 -opsysName Windows        = "windows"
 +-- | The distro tag used in docker image names, extended with the toolchain
 +-- suffix of the image flavour (e.g. 'Debian13'' + 'FlavorRiscV' ->
 +-- @"deb13-riscv"@).
 +distroImageTag :: LinuxDistro -> ImageFlavor -> String
 +distroImageTag distro flavor = distroName distro ++ flavorSuffix flavor
 +  where
 +    flavorSuffix :: ImageFlavor -> String
 +    flavorSuffix FlavorVanilla    = ""
 +    flavorSuffix FlavorRiscV      = "-riscv"
 +    flavorSuffix FlavorLoongArch  = "-loongarch"
 +    flavorSuffix FlavorWine       = "-wine"
 +    flavorSuffix FlavorEmscripten = "-emsdk-closure"
 +    flavorSuffix FlavorWasm       = "-wasm"
++
 +-- | OS name as it appears for job identity and docker image tags, qualified
 +-- by the working image flavour if any (e.g. @"linux-deb13-riscv"@).
 +opsysNameWithFlavor :: Opsys -> ImageFlavor -> String
 +opsysNameWithFlavor (Linux distro) flavor = "linux-" ++ distroImageTag distro flavor
 +opsysNameWithFlavor opsys         _       = opsysName opsys
 +  where
 +    opsysName :: Opsys -> String
 +    opsysName (Linux distro) = "linux-" ++ distroName distro
 +    opsysName Darwin         = "darwin"
 +    opsysName FreeBSD14      = "freebsd14"
 +    opsysName Windows        = "windows"
  archName :: Arch -> String
 -archName Amd64   = "x86_64"
 -archName AArch64 = "aarch64"
 -archName I386    = "i386"
 +archName Amd64       = "x86_64"
 +archName AArch64     = "aarch64"
 +archName I386        = "i386"
 +archName RiscV64     = "riscv64"
 +archName LoongArch   = "loongarch64"
 +archName Wasm32      = "wasm32"
 +archName JavaScript  = "javascript"
  binDistName :: Arch -> Opsys -> BuildConfig -> String
 -binDistName arch opsys bc = "ghc-" ++ testEnv arch opsys bc
 +binDistName arch  opsys bc = "ghc-" ++ testEnvWith (archName arch) opsys bc
++
 +-- | Name of the stage3 (target-platform) bindist.
 +--
 +-- Because that bindist lives on its target, it is named as if built natively
 +-- on the target: target architecture, the OS of the job, and no
 +-- cross/toolchain flavour markers.
 +stage3BinDistName :: Opsys -> BuildConfig -> Maybe String
 +stage3BinDistName opsys bc
 +  | buildsTargetBindist
 +  , Just TargetPlatform{ tpArch = arch } <- crossTarget bc
 +  = Just $ binDistName arch opsys (bc { crossTarget = Nothing })
 +  | otherwise
 +  = Nothing
 +  where
 +    -- Whether any bindist produced by this build configuration runs on its
 +    -- target platform rather than on the build host.
 +    buildsTargetBindist :: Bool
 +    buildsTargetBindist = crossStages bc == Just Stage2And3
  -- | Test env should create a string which changes whenever the 'BuildConfig' changes.
  -- Either the change is reflected by modifying the flavourString or directly (as is
  -- the case for settings which affect environment variables)
  testEnv :: Arch -> Opsys -> BuildConfig -> String
 -testEnv arch opsys bc =
 +testEnv arch = testEnvWith (archName arch)
++
 +testEnvWith :: String -> Opsys -> BuildConfig -> String
 +testEnvWith archN opsys bc =
    intercalate "-" $ concat
 -    [ [ archName arch
 -      , opsysName opsys ]
 +    [ [ archN
 +      , opsysNameWithFlavor opsys (buildFlavor bc) ]
      , ["int_" ++ bignumString (bignumBackend bc) | bignumBackend bc /= Gmp]
      , ["unreg" | unregisterised bc ]
      , ["numa"  | withNuma bc ]
      , ["zstd"  | withZstd bc ]
      , ["no_tntc"  | not (tablesNextToCode bc) ]
 -    , ["cross_"++triple  | Just triple <- pure $ crossTarget bc ]
 +    , ["cross_"++renderTriple ct | Just ct <- pure $ crossTarget bc ]
      , [flavourString (mkJobFlavour bc)]
+     ]
@@ -392,18 +492,18 @@ flavourString (Flavour base trans) = base_string base ++ concatMap (("+" ++) . f
      flavour_string TextWithSIMDUTF = "text_simdutf"
  -- The path to the docker image (just for linux builders)
 -dockerImage :: Arch -> Opsys -> Maybe String
 -dockerImage arch (Linux distro) =
 +dockerImage :: Arch -> Opsys -> BuildConfig -> Maybe String
 +dockerImage arch (Linux distro) bc =
      Just image
    where
      image = mconcat
        [ "registry.gitlab.haskell.org/ghc/ci-images/"
        , archName arch
        , "-linux-"
 -      , distroName distro
 +      , distroImageTag distro (buildFlavor bc)
        , ":$DOCKER_REV"
+       ]
 -dockerImage _ _ = Nothing
 +dockerImage _ _ _ = Nothing
  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  -- Platform-specific variables
@@ -444,8 +544,8 @@ brokenTest :: TestName -- ^ test name
             -> Variables
  brokenTest test _why = "BROKEN_TESTS" =: test
 -opsysVariables :: Arch -> Opsys -> Variables
 -opsysVariables _ FreeBSD14 = mconcat
 +opsysVariables :: Arch -> Opsys -> ImageFlavor -> Variables
 +opsysVariables _ FreeBSD14 _ = mconcat
    [ -- N.B. we use iconv from ports as I see linker errors when we attempt
      -- to use the "native" iconv embedded in libc as suggested by the
      -- porting guide [1].
@@ -459,8 +559,8 @@ opsysVariables _ FreeBSD14 = mconcat
    , "FETCH_GHC_VERSION" =: "9.10.3"
    , "CABAL_INSTALL_VERSION" =: "3.14.2.0"
+   ]
 -opsysVariables arch (Linux distro) = distroVariables arch distro
 -opsysVariables AArch64 (Darwin {}) = mconcat
 +opsysVariables arch (Linux distro) flavor = distroVariables arch distro flavor
 +opsysVariables AArch64 (Darwin {}) _ = mconcat
    [ "NIX_SYSTEM" =: "aarch64-darwin"
    , "MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET" =: "11.0"
    , "LANG" =: "en_US.UTF-8"
@@ -468,7 +568,7 @@ opsysVariables AArch64 (Darwin {}) = mconcat
      -- Fonts can't be installed on darwin
    , "HADRIAN_ARGS" =: "--docs=no-sphinx-pdfs"
+   ]
 -opsysVariables Amd64 (Darwin {}) = mconcat
 +opsysVariables Amd64 (Darwin {}) _ = mconcat
    [ "NIX_SYSTEM" =: "x86_64-darwin"
    , "MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET" =: "11.0"
      -- Only Sierra and onwards supports clock_gettime. See #12858
@@ -481,16 +581,15 @@ opsysVariables Amd64 (Darwin {}) = mconcat
    , "CONFIGURE_ARGS" =: "--with-intree-gmp --with-system-libffi"
      -- Fonts can't be installed on darwin
    , "HADRIAN_ARGS" =: "--docs=no-sphinx-pdfs"
+-
+   ]
 -opsysVariables _ (Windows {}) = mconcat
 +opsysVariables _ (Windows {}) _ = mconcat
    [ "MSYSTEM" =: "CLANG64"
    , "LANG" =: "en_US.UTF-8"
    , "CABAL_INSTALL_VERSION" =: "3.14.2.0"
    , "HADRIAN_ARGS" =: "--docs=no-sphinx-pdfs"
    , "FETCH_GHC_VERSION" =: "9.10.3"
+   ]
 -opsysVariables _ _ = mempty
 +opsysVariables _ _ _ = mempty
  alpineVariables :: Arch -> Variables
  alpineVariables arch = mconcat $
@@ -509,10 +608,13 @@ alpineVariables arch = mconcat $
+   ]
 -distroVariables :: Arch -> LinuxDistro -> Variables
 -distroVariables arch Alpine312 = alpineVariables arch
 -distroVariables arch Alpine323 = alpineVariables arch
 -distroVariables _ _ = mempty
 +distroVariables :: Arch -> LinuxDistro -> ImageFlavor -> Variables
 +distroVariables arch Alpine312 _ = alpineVariables arch
 +-- The wasm image runs its own (libc-free) toolchain, so the alpine broken
 +-- tests do not apply to it.
 +distroVariables _ Alpine323 FlavorWasm = mempty
 +distroVariables arch Alpine323 _ = alpineVariables arch
 +distroVariables _ _ _ = mempty
  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  -- Cache settings, what to cache and when can we share the cache
@@ -524,8 +626,8 @@ data Cache
+           }
  -- The cache doesn't depend on the BuildConfig because we only cache the cabal store.
 -mkCacheKey :: Arch -> Opsys -> String
 -mkCacheKey arch opsys = archName arch <> "-" <> opsysName opsys <> "-$CACHE_REV"
 +mkCacheKey :: Arch -> Opsys -> ImageFlavor -> String
 +mkCacheKey arch opsys flavor = archName arch <> "-" <> opsysNameWithFlavor opsys flavor <> "-$CACHE_REV"
  instance ToJSON Cache where
    toJSON Cache {..} = object
@@ -807,7 +909,7 @@ data Job
          , jobArtifacts :: Artifacts
          , jobCache :: Cache
          , jobRules :: OnOffRules
 -        , jobPlatform  :: (Arch, Opsys)
 +        , jobPlatform  :: (Arch, Opsys, ImageFlavor)
+         }
  instance Show Job where
@@ -837,7 +939,7 @@ instance ToJSON Job where
  job :: Arch -> Opsys -> BuildConfig -> NamedJob Job
  job arch opsys buildConfig = NamedJob { name = jobName, jobInfo = Job {..} }
    where
 -    jobPlatform = (arch, opsys)
 +    jobPlatform = (arch, opsys, buildFlavor buildConfig)
      jobRules = emptyRules jobName
@@ -845,14 +947,14 @@ job arch opsys buildConfig = NamedJob { name = jobName, jobInfo = Job {..} }
      jobTags = tags arch opsys buildConfig
 -    jobDockerImage = dockerImage arch opsys
 +    jobDockerImage = dockerImage arch opsys buildConfig
      jobScript
        | Windows <- opsys
        = [ "bash .gitlab/ci.sh setup"
          , "bash .gitlab/ci.sh configure"
          , "bash .gitlab/ci.sh build_hadrian"
 -        , "bash .gitlab/ci.sh test_hadrian"
 +        , "bash " ++ testStep
+         ]
        | otherwise
        = [ "find libraries -name config.sub -exec cp config.sub {} \\;" | Darwin == opsys ] ++
@@ -860,9 +962,16 @@ job arch opsys buildConfig = NamedJob { name = jobName, jobInfo = Job {..} }
          [ ".gitlab/ci.sh setup"
          , ".gitlab/ci.sh configure"
          , ".gitlab/ci.sh build_hadrian"
 -        , ".gitlab/ci.sh test_hadrian"
 +        , testStep
+         ]
 +    -- Cross jobs with a working emulator smoke-test the bindist under the
 +    -- emulator as a separate step after the build; everything else runs the
 +    -- testsuite.
 +    testStep
 +      | Emulator _ <- crossEmulator buildConfig = ".gitlab/ci.sh smoke_test"
 +      | otherwise                               = ".gitlab/ci.sh test_hadrian"
++
      jobAfterScript
        | Windows <- opsys =
        [ "bash .gitlab/ci.sh save_cache"
@@ -880,16 +989,20 @@ job arch opsys buildConfig = NamedJob { name = jobName, jobInfo = Job {..} }
      jobDependencies = []
      jobVariables = mconcat
 -      [ opsysVariables arch opsys
 +      [ opsysVariables arch opsys (buildFlavor buildConfig)
        , "TEST_ENV" =: testEnv arch opsys buildConfig
        , "BIN_DIST_NAME" =: binDistName arch opsys buildConfig
 +      , maybe mempty ("BIN_DIST_NAME_STAGE3" =:) (stage3BinDistName opsys buildConfig)
        , "BUILD_FLAVOUR" =: flavourString jobFlavour
        , "BIGNUM_BACKEND" =: bignumString (bignumBackend buildConfig)
        , "CONFIGURE_ARGS" =: configureArgsStr buildConfig
        , "INSTALL_CONFIGURE_ARGS" =: "--enable-strict-ghc-toolchain-check"
        , maybe mempty ("CONFIGURE_WRAPPER" =:) (configureWrapper buildConfig)
 -      , maybe mempty ("CROSS_TARGET" =:) (crossTarget buildConfig)
 -      , maybe mempty (("CROSS_STAGE" =:) . show) (crossStage buildConfig)
 +      , maybe mempty (("CROSS_TARGET" =:) . renderTriple) (crossTarget buildConfig)
 +      , case crossStages buildConfig of
 +          Nothing          -> mempty
 +          Just Stage2      -> "FINAL_CROSS_STAGE" =: "2"
 +          Just Stage2And3  -> "FINAL_CROSS_STAGE" =: "3"
        , case crossEmulator buildConfig of
            NoEmulator
              -- we need an emulator but it isn't set. Won't run the testsuite
@@ -922,6 +1035,8 @@ job arch opsys buildConfig = NamedJob { name = jobName, jobInfo = Job {..} }
      trim :: String -> String
      trim = dropWhileEnd isSpace . dropWhile isSpace
 +    stage3Artifacts = maybe [] (\n -> [n ++ ".tar.xz"]) (stage3BinDistName opsys buildConfig)
++
      -- Keep in sync with the exclude list in `function clean()` in
      -- `.gitlab/ci.sh`!
      jobArtifacts = Artifacts
@@ -930,6 +1045,7 @@ job arch opsys buildConfig = NamedJob { name = jobName, jobInfo = Job {..} }
        , artifactPaths = [binDistName arch opsys buildConfig ++ ".tar.xz"
                          ,"junit.xml"
                          ,"unexpected-test-output.tar.gz"]
 +                        ++ stage3Artifacts
        , artifactsWhen = ArtifactsAlways
+       }
@@ -940,7 +1056,7 @@ job arch opsys buildConfig = NamedJob { name = jobName, jobInfo = Job {..} }
            Cache { cachePaths = [], cacheKey = "no-caching" }
        | otherwise = Cache
            { cachePaths = [ "cabal-cache", "toolchain" ]
 -          , cacheKey = mkCacheKey arch opsys
 +          , cacheKey = mkCacheKey arch opsys (buildFlavor buildConfig)
+           }
@@ -1163,7 +1279,6 @@ debian_x86 =
    , disableValidate (standardBuilds Amd64 (Linux Debian12))
    , disableValidate (standardBuilds Amd64 (Linux Debian13))
+-
      -- Validate only builds
    , fastCI (validateBuilds Amd64 (Linux validate_debian) debug)
    , validateBuilds Amd64 (Linux validate_debian) nativeInt
@@ -1288,16 +1403,17 @@ alpine_aarch64 = [
  cross_jobs :: [JobGroup Job]
  cross_jobs = [
      -- x86 -> aarch64
 -    validateBuilds Amd64 (Linux Debian13) (crossConfig "aarch64-linux-gnu" (Emulator "qemu-aarch64 -L /usr/aarch64-linux-gnu") Nothing)
 +    validateBuilds Amd64 (Linux Debian13) (crossConfig (TargetPlatform AArch64 TargetOsLinuxGnu) (Emulator "qemu-aarch64 -L /usr/aarch64-linux-gnu") Nothing Stage2)
 -    -- x86_64 -> riscv
 -  , addValidateRule RiscV (validateBuilds Amd64 (Linux Debian13Riscv) (crossConfig "riscv64-linux-gnu" (Emulator "qemu-riscv64 -L /usr/riscv64-linux-gnu") Nothing))
 +    -- Stage2: x86_64 (build/host) -> riscv64 (target)
 +    -- Stage3: x86_64 (build) -> riscv64 (host/target)
 +  , addValidateRule RiscV (validateBuilds Amd64 (Linux Debian13) (crossConfig (TargetPlatform RiscV64 TargetOsLinuxGnu) (Emulator "qemu-riscv64 -L /usr/riscv64-linux-gnu") Nothing Stage2And3))
      -- x86_64 -> loongarch64
 -  , addValidateRule LoongArch64 (validateBuilds Amd64 (Linux Ubuntu2404LoongArch64) (crossConfig "loongarch64-linux-gnu" (Emulator "qemu-loongarch64 -L /usr/loongarch64-linux-gnu") Nothing))
 +  , addValidateRule LoongArch64 (validateBuilds Amd64 (Linux Ubuntu2404) (crossConfig (TargetPlatform LoongArch TargetOsLinuxGnu) (Emulator "qemu-loongarch64 -L /usr/loongarch64-linux-gnu") Nothing Stage2))
      -- Javascript
 -  , addValidateRule JSBackend (validateBuilds Amd64 (Linux Debian11Js) javascriptConfig)
 +  , addValidateRule JSBackend (validateBuilds Amd64 (Linux Debian11) javascriptConfig)
      -- Wasm
    , make_wasm_jobs wasm_build_config
@@ -1309,13 +1425,13 @@ cross_jobs = [
      -- Linux Aarch64 (Wine + FEX + MSYS64) => Windows Aarch64
    , makeWinArmJobs
        $ addValidateRule WinArm64
 -        (validateBuilds AArch64 (Linux Debian12Wine) winAarch64Config)
 +        (validateBuilds AArch64 (Linux Debian12) winAarch64Config)
    , makeWinArmJobs
        $ addValidateRule WinArm64LLVM
 -        (validateBuilds AArch64 (Linux Debian12Wine) (winAarch64Config {llvmBootstrap = True}))
 +        (validateBuilds AArch64 (Linux Debian12) (winAarch64Config {llvmBootstrap = True}))
+   ]
    where
 -    javascriptConfig = (crossConfig "javascript-unknown-ghcjs" (NoEmulatorNeeded TimeoutIncrease) (Just "emconfigure"))
 +    javascriptConfig = (crossConfig (TargetPlatform JavaScript TargetOsGhcjs) (NoEmulatorNeeded TimeoutIncrease) (Just "emconfigure") Stage2)
                           { bignumBackend = Native }
      makeWinArmJobs = modifyJobs
@@ -1354,7 +1470,7 @@ cross_jobs = [
              llvm_prefix = "/opt/llvm-mingw-linux/bin/aarch64-w64-mingw32-"
              cflags = "-fuse-ld=" ++ llvm_prefix ++ "ld --rtlib=compiler-rt"
 -    winAarch64Config = (crossConfig "aarch64-unknown-mingw32" (Emulator "/opt/wine-arm64ec-msys2-deb12/bin/wine") Nothing)
 +    winAarch64Config = (crossConfig (TargetPlatform AArch64 TargetOsMingw32) (Emulator "/opt/wine-arm64ec-msys2-deb12/bin/wine") Nothing Stage2)
                           { bignumBackend = Native }
      make_wasm_jobs cfg =
@@ -1364,10 +1480,10 @@ cross_jobs = [
              . setVariable "HADRIAN_ARGS" "--docs=no-sphinx-pdfs --docs=no-sphinx-man"
              . delVariable "INSTALL_CONFIGURE_ARGS"
+         )
 -        $ addValidateRule WasmBackend $ validateBuilds Amd64 (Linux AlpineWasm) cfg
 +        $ addValidateRule WasmBackend $ validateBuilds Amd64 (Linux Alpine323) cfg
      wasm_build_config =
 -      (crossConfig "wasm32-wasi" (NoEmulatorNeeded NoTimeoutIncrease) Nothing)
 +      (crossConfig (TargetPlatform Wasm32 TargetOsWasi) (NoEmulatorNeeded NoTimeoutIncrease) Nothing Stage2)
          { hostFullyStatic = True
          , buildFlavour    = Release -- TODO: This needs to be validate but wasm backend doesn't pass yet
          , textWithSIMDUTF = True
@@ -1392,8 +1508,8 @@ job_groups =
  -- Platform mapping for GHCup metadata
  ---------------------------------------------------------------------
 -mkPlatform :: Arch -> Opsys -> String
 -mkPlatform arch opsys = archName arch <> "-" <> opsysName opsys
 +mkPlatform :: (Arch, Opsys, ImageFlavor) -> String
 +mkPlatform (arch, opsys, flavor) = archName arch <> "-" <> opsysNameWithFlavor opsys flavor
  -- | This map tells us for a specific arch/opsys combo what the job name for
  -- nightly/release pipelines is. This is used by the ghcup metadata generation so that
@@ -1438,7 +1554,7 @@ platform_mapping = Map.map go combined_result
      process sel =
        Map.fromListWith combine
 -      [ (uncurry mkPlatform (jobPlatform (jobInfo j)), j)
 +      [ (mkPlatform (jobPlatform (jobInfo j)), j)
        | (sel -> Just j) <- job_groups
+       ]

.gitlab/jobs.yaml

@@ -303,7 +303,7 @@
        ".gitlab/ci.sh setup",
        ".gitlab/ci.sh configure",
        ".gitlab/ci.sh build_hadrian",
 -      ".gitlab/ci.sh test_hadrian"
 +      ".gitlab/ci.sh smoke_test"
      ],
      "stage": "full-build",
      "tags": [
@@ -319,9 +319,9 @@
        "CONFIGURE_ARGS": "--with-intree-gmp --enable-strict-ghc-toolchain-check",
        "CONF_CC_OPTS_STAGE2": "-fuse-ld=/opt/llvm-mingw-linux/bin/aarch64-w64-mingw32-ld --rtlib=compiler-rt",
        "CROSS_EMULATOR": "/opt/wine-arm64ec-msys2-deb12/bin/wine",
 -      "CROSS_STAGE": "2",
        "CROSS_TARGET": "aarch64-unknown-mingw32",
        "CXX": "/opt/llvm-mingw-linux/bin/aarch64-w64-mingw32-clang++",
 +      "FINAL_CROSS_STAGE": "2",
        "HADRIAN_ARGS": "--docs=none",
        "INSTALL_CONFIGURE_ARGS": "--enable-strict-ghc-toolchain-check",
        "LD": "/opt/llvm-mingw-linux/bin/aarch64-w64-mingw32-ld",
@@ -387,7 +387,7 @@
        ".gitlab/ci.sh setup",
        ".gitlab/ci.sh configure",
        ".gitlab/ci.sh build_hadrian",
 -      ".gitlab/ci.sh test_hadrian"
 +      ".gitlab/ci.sh smoke_test"
      ],
      "stage": "full-build",
      "tags": [
@@ -403,9 +403,9 @@
        "CONFIGURE_ARGS": "--with-intree-gmp --enable-strict-ghc-toolchain-check",
        "CONF_CC_OPTS_STAGE2": "-fuse-ld=/opt/llvm-mingw-linux/bin/aarch64-w64-mingw32-ld --rtlib=compiler-rt",
        "CROSS_EMULATOR": "/opt/wine-arm64ec-msys2-deb12/bin/wine",
 -      "CROSS_STAGE": "2",
        "CROSS_TARGET": "aarch64-unknown-mingw32",
        "CXX": "/opt/llvm-mingw-linux/bin/aarch64-w64-mingw32-clang++",
 +      "FINAL_CROSS_STAGE": "2",
        "HADRIAN_ARGS": "--docs=none",
        "INSTALL_CONFIGURE_ARGS": "--enable-strict-ghc-toolchain-check",
        "LD": "/opt/llvm-mingw-linux/bin/aarch64-w64-mingw32-ld",
@@ -1111,7 +1111,7 @@
        ".gitlab/ci.sh setup",
        ".gitlab/ci.sh configure",
        ".gitlab/ci.sh build_hadrian",
 -      ".gitlab/ci.sh test_hadrian"
 +      ".gitlab/ci.sh smoke_test"
      ],
      "stage": "full-build",
      "tags": [
@@ -1127,9 +1127,9 @@
        "CONFIGURE_ARGS": "--with-intree-gmp --enable-strict-ghc-toolchain-check",
        "CONF_CC_OPTS_STAGE2": "-fuse-ld=/opt/llvm-mingw-linux/bin/aarch64-w64-mingw32-ld --rtlib=compiler-rt",
        "CROSS_EMULATOR": "/opt/wine-arm64ec-msys2-deb12/bin/wine",
 -      "CROSS_STAGE": "2",
        "CROSS_TARGET": "aarch64-unknown-mingw32",
        "CXX": "/opt/llvm-mingw-linux/bin/aarch64-w64-mingw32-clang++",
 +      "FINAL_CROSS_STAGE": "2",
        "HADRIAN_ARGS": "--docs=none",
        "INSTALL_CONFIGURE_ARGS": "--enable-strict-ghc-toolchain-check",
        "LD": "/opt/llvm-mingw-linux/bin/aarch64-w64-mingw32-ld",
@@ -1196,7 +1196,7 @@
        ".gitlab/ci.sh setup",
        ".gitlab/ci.sh configure",
        ".gitlab/ci.sh build_hadrian",
 -      ".gitlab/ci.sh test_hadrian"
 +      ".gitlab/ci.sh smoke_test"
      ],
      "stage": "full-build",
      "tags": [
@@ -1212,9 +1212,9 @@
        "CONFIGURE_ARGS": "--with-intree-gmp --enable-strict-ghc-toolchain-check",
        "CONF_CC_OPTS_STAGE2": "-fuse-ld=/opt/llvm-mingw-linux/bin/aarch64-w64-mingw32-ld --rtlib=compiler-rt",
        "CROSS_EMULATOR": "/opt/wine-arm64ec-msys2-deb12/bin/wine",
 -      "CROSS_STAGE": "2",
        "CROSS_TARGET": "aarch64-unknown-mingw32",
        "CXX": "/opt/llvm-mingw-linux/bin/aarch64-w64-mingw32-clang++",
 +      "FINAL_CROSS_STAGE": "2",
        "HADRIAN_ARGS": "--docs=none",
        "INSTALL_CONFIGURE_ARGS": "--enable-strict-ghc-toolchain-check",
        "LD": "/opt/llvm-mingw-linux/bin/aarch64-w64-mingw32-ld",
@@ -2010,8 +2010,8 @@
        "BIN_DIST_NAME": "ghc-x86_64-linux-alpine3_23-wasm-cross_wasm32-wasi-release+host_fully_static+text_simdutf",
        "BUILD_FLAVOUR": "release+host_fully_static+text_simdutf",
        "CONFIGURE_ARGS": "--with-intree-gmp --with-system-libffi --enable-strict-ghc-toolchain-check",
 -      "CROSS_STAGE": "2",
        "CROSS_TARGET": "wasm32-wasi",
 +      "FINAL_CROSS_STAGE": "2",
        "FIREFOX_LAUNCH_OPTS": "{\"browser\":\"firefox\",\"executablePath\":\"/usr/bin/firefox\"}",
        "HADRIAN_ARGS": "--docs=no-sphinx-pdfs --docs=no-sphinx-man",
        "RUNTEST_ARGS": "",
@@ -2077,8 +2077,8 @@
        "BIN_DIST_NAME": "ghc-x86_64-linux-alpine3_23-wasm-int_native-cross_wasm32-wasi-release+host_fully_static+text_simdutf",
        "BUILD_FLAVOUR": "release+host_fully_static+text_simdutf",
        "CONFIGURE_ARGS": "--with-intree-gmp --with-system-libffi --enable-strict-ghc-toolchain-check",
 -      "CROSS_STAGE": "2",
        "CROSS_TARGET": "wasm32-wasi",
 +      "FINAL_CROSS_STAGE": "2",
        "FIREFOX_LAUNCH_OPTS": "{\"browser\":\"firefox\",\"executablePath\":\"/usr/bin/firefox\"}",
        "HADRIAN_ARGS": "--docs=no-sphinx-pdfs --docs=no-sphinx-man",
        "RUNTEST_ARGS": "",
@@ -2144,8 +2144,8 @@
        "BIN_DIST_NAME": "ghc-x86_64-linux-alpine3_23-wasm-unreg-cross_wasm32-wasi-release+host_fully_static+text_simdutf",
        "BUILD_FLAVOUR": "release+host_fully_static+text_simdutf",
        "CONFIGURE_ARGS": "--enable-unregisterised --with-intree-gmp --with-system-libffi --enable-strict-ghc-toolchain-check",
 -      "CROSS_STAGE": "2",
        "CROSS_TARGET": "wasm32-wasi",
 +      "FINAL_CROSS_STAGE": "2",
        "FIREFOX_LAUNCH_OPTS": "{\"browser\":\"firefox\",\"executablePath\":\"/usr/bin/firefox\"}",
        "HADRIAN_ARGS": "--docs=no-sphinx-pdfs --docs=no-sphinx-man",
        "RUNTEST_ARGS": "",
@@ -2212,8 +2212,8 @@
        "BUILD_FLAVOUR": "validate",
        "CONFIGURE_ARGS": "--with-intree-gmp --enable-strict-ghc-toolchain-check",
        "CONFIGURE_WRAPPER": "emconfigure",
 -      "CROSS_STAGE": "2",
        "CROSS_TARGET": "javascript-unknown-ghcjs",
 +      "FINAL_CROSS_STAGE": "2",
        "INSTALL_CONFIGURE_ARGS": "--enable-strict-ghc-toolchain-check",
        "RUNTEST_ARGS": "-e config.timeout=900",
        "TEST_ENV": "x86_64-linux-deb11-emsdk-closure-int_native-cross_javascript-unknown-ghcjs-validate",
@@ -2459,7 +2459,7 @@
        ".gitlab/ci.sh setup",
        ".gitlab/ci.sh configure",
        ".gitlab/ci.sh build_hadrian",
 -      ".gitlab/ci.sh test_hadrian"
 +      ".gitlab/ci.sh smoke_test"
      ],
      "stage": "full-build",
      "tags": [
@@ -2471,8 +2471,8 @@
        "BUILD_FLAVOUR": "validate",
        "CONFIGURE_ARGS": "--with-intree-gmp --enable-strict-ghc-toolchain-check",
        "CROSS_EMULATOR": "qemu-aarch64 -L /usr/aarch64-linux-gnu",
 -      "CROSS_STAGE": "2",
        "CROSS_TARGET": "aarch64-linux-gnu",
 +      "FINAL_CROSS_STAGE": "2",
        "INSTALL_CONFIGURE_ARGS": "--enable-strict-ghc-toolchain-check",
        "RUNTEST_ARGS": "-e config.timeout=900",
        "TEST_ENV": "x86_64-linux-deb13-cross_aarch64-linux-gnu-validate",
@@ -2750,7 +2750,8 @@
        "paths": [
          "ghc-x86_64-linux-deb13-riscv-cross_riscv64-linux-gnu-validate.tar.xz",
          "junit.xml",
 -        "unexpected-test-output.tar.gz"
 +        "unexpected-test-output.tar.gz",
 +        "ghc-riscv64-linux-deb13-validate.tar.xz"
        ],
        "reports": {
          "junit": "junit.xml"
@@ -2783,7 +2784,7 @@
        ".gitlab/ci.sh setup",
        ".gitlab/ci.sh configure",
        ".gitlab/ci.sh build_hadrian",
 -      ".gitlab/ci.sh test_hadrian"
 +      ".gitlab/ci.sh smoke_test"
      ],
      "stage": "full-build",
      "tags": [
@@ -2792,11 +2793,12 @@
      "variables": {
        "BIGNUM_BACKEND": "gmp",
        "BIN_DIST_NAME": "ghc-x86_64-linux-deb13-riscv-cross_riscv64-linux-gnu-validate",
 +      "BIN_DIST_NAME_STAGE3": "ghc-riscv64-linux-deb13-validate",
        "BUILD_FLAVOUR": "validate",
        "CONFIGURE_ARGS": "--with-intree-gmp --enable-strict-ghc-toolchain-check",
        "CROSS_EMULATOR": "qemu-riscv64 -L /usr/riscv64-linux-gnu",
 -      "CROSS_STAGE": "2",
        "CROSS_TARGET": "riscv64-linux-gnu",
 +      "FINAL_CROSS_STAGE": "3",
        "INSTALL_CONFIGURE_ARGS": "--enable-strict-ghc-toolchain-check",
        "RUNTEST_ARGS": "-e config.timeout=900",
        "TEST_ENV": "x86_64-linux-deb13-riscv-cross_riscv64-linux-gnu-validate",
@@ -3687,7 +3689,7 @@
        ".gitlab/ci.sh setup",
        ".gitlab/ci.sh configure",
        ".gitlab/ci.sh build_hadrian",
 -      ".gitlab/ci.sh test_hadrian"
 +      ".gitlab/ci.sh smoke_test"
      ],
      "stage": "full-build",
      "tags": [
@@ -3699,8 +3701,8 @@
        "BUILD_FLAVOUR": "validate",
        "CONFIGURE_ARGS": "--with-intree-gmp --enable-strict-ghc-toolchain-check",
        "CROSS_EMULATOR": "qemu-loongarch64 -L /usr/loongarch64-linux-gnu",
 -      "CROSS_STAGE": "2",
        "CROSS_TARGET": "loongarch64-linux-gnu",
 +      "FINAL_CROSS_STAGE": "2",
        "INSTALL_CONFIGURE_ARGS": "--enable-strict-ghc-toolchain-check",
        "RUNTEST_ARGS": "-e config.timeout=900",
        "TEST_ENV": "x86_64-linux-ubuntu24_04-loongarch-cross_loongarch64-linux-gnu-validate",
@@ -5995,8 +5997,8 @@
        "BIN_DIST_NAME": "ghc-x86_64-linux-alpine3_23-wasm-cross_wasm32-wasi-release+host_fully_static+text_simdutf",
        "BUILD_FLAVOUR": "release+host_fully_static+text_simdutf",
        "CONFIGURE_ARGS": "--with-intree-gmp --with-system-libffi --enable-strict-ghc-toolchain-check",
 -      "CROSS_STAGE": "2",
        "CROSS_TARGET": "wasm32-wasi",
 +      "FINAL_CROSS_STAGE": "2",
        "FIREFOX_LAUNCH_OPTS": "{\"browser\":\"firefox\",\"executablePath\":\"/usr/bin/firefox\"}",
        "HADRIAN_ARGS": "--docs=no-sphinx-pdfs --docs=no-sphinx-man",
        "RUNTEST_ARGS": "",
@@ -6062,8 +6064,8 @@
        "BIN_DIST_NAME": "ghc-x86_64-linux-alpine3_23-wasm-int_native-cross_wasm32-wasi-release+host_fully_static+text_simdutf",
        "BUILD_FLAVOUR": "release+host_fully_static+text_simdutf",
        "CONFIGURE_ARGS": "--with-intree-gmp --with-system-libffi --enable-strict-ghc-toolchain-check",
 -      "CROSS_STAGE": "2",
        "CROSS_TARGET": "wasm32-wasi",
 +      "FINAL_CROSS_STAGE": "2",
        "FIREFOX_LAUNCH_OPTS": "{\"browser\":\"firefox\",\"executablePath\":\"/usr/bin/firefox\"}",
        "HADRIAN_ARGS": "--docs=no-sphinx-pdfs --docs=no-sphinx-man",
        "RUNTEST_ARGS": "",
@@ -6129,8 +6131,8 @@
        "BIN_DIST_NAME": "ghc-x86_64-linux-alpine3_23-wasm-unreg-cross_wasm32-wasi-release+host_fully_static+text_simdutf",
        "BUILD_FLAVOUR": "release+host_fully_static+text_simdutf",
        "CONFIGURE_ARGS": "--enable-unregisterised --with-intree-gmp --with-system-libffi --enable-strict-ghc-toolchain-check",
 -      "CROSS_STAGE": "2",
        "CROSS_TARGET": "wasm32-wasi",
 +      "FINAL_CROSS_STAGE": "2",
        "FIREFOX_LAUNCH_OPTS": "{\"browser\":\"firefox\",\"executablePath\":\"/usr/bin/firefox\"}",
        "HADRIAN_ARGS": "--docs=no-sphinx-pdfs --docs=no-sphinx-man",
        "RUNTEST_ARGS": "",
@@ -6196,8 +6198,8 @@
        "BUILD_FLAVOUR": "validate",
        "CONFIGURE_ARGS": "--with-intree-gmp --enable-strict-ghc-toolchain-check",
        "CONFIGURE_WRAPPER": "emconfigure",
 -      "CROSS_STAGE": "2",
        "CROSS_TARGET": "javascript-unknown-ghcjs",
 +      "FINAL_CROSS_STAGE": "2",
        "INSTALL_CONFIGURE_ARGS": "--enable-strict-ghc-toolchain-check",
        "RUNTEST_ARGS": "-e config.timeout=900",
        "TEST_ENV": "x86_64-linux-deb11-emsdk-closure-int_native-cross_javascript-unknown-ghcjs-validate",
@@ -6439,7 +6441,7 @@
        ".gitlab/ci.sh setup",
        ".gitlab/ci.sh configure",
        ".gitlab/ci.sh build_hadrian",
 -      ".gitlab/ci.sh test_hadrian"
 +      ".gitlab/ci.sh smoke_test"
      ],
      "stage": "full-build",
      "tags": [
@@ -6451,8 +6453,8 @@
        "BUILD_FLAVOUR": "validate",
        "CONFIGURE_ARGS": "--with-intree-gmp --enable-strict-ghc-toolchain-check",
        "CROSS_EMULATOR": "qemu-aarch64 -L /usr/aarch64-linux-gnu",
 -      "CROSS_STAGE": "2",
        "CROSS_TARGET": "aarch64-linux-gnu",
 +      "FINAL_CROSS_STAGE": "2",
        "INSTALL_CONFIGURE_ARGS": "--enable-strict-ghc-toolchain-check",
        "RUNTEST_ARGS": "-e config.timeout=900",
        "TEST_ENV": "x86_64-linux-deb13-cross_aarch64-linux-gnu-validate",
@@ -6726,7 +6728,8 @@
        "paths": [
          "ghc-x86_64-linux-deb13-riscv-cross_riscv64-linux-gnu-validate.tar.xz",
          "junit.xml",
 -        "unexpected-test-output.tar.gz"
 +        "unexpected-test-output.tar.gz",
 +        "ghc-riscv64-linux-deb13-validate.tar.xz"
        ],
        "reports": {
          "junit": "junit.xml"
@@ -6759,7 +6762,7 @@
        ".gitlab/ci.sh setup",
        ".gitlab/ci.sh configure",
        ".gitlab/ci.sh build_hadrian",
 -      ".gitlab/ci.sh test_hadrian"
 +      ".gitlab/ci.sh smoke_test"
      ],
      "stage": "full-build",
      "tags": [
@@ -6768,11 +6771,12 @@
      "variables": {
        "BIGNUM_BACKEND": "gmp",
        "BIN_DIST_NAME": "ghc-x86_64-linux-deb13-riscv-cross_riscv64-linux-gnu-validate",
 +      "BIN_DIST_NAME_STAGE3": "ghc-riscv64-linux-deb13-validate",
        "BUILD_FLAVOUR": "validate",
        "CONFIGURE_ARGS": "--with-intree-gmp --enable-strict-ghc-toolchain-check",
        "CROSS_EMULATOR": "qemu-riscv64 -L /usr/riscv64-linux-gnu",
 -      "CROSS_STAGE": "2",
        "CROSS_TARGET": "riscv64-linux-gnu",
 +      "FINAL_CROSS_STAGE": "3",
        "INSTALL_CONFIGURE_ARGS": "--enable-strict-ghc-toolchain-check",
        "RUNTEST_ARGS": "-e config.timeout=900",
        "TEST_ENV": "x86_64-linux-deb13-riscv-cross_riscv64-linux-gnu-validate",
@@ -7650,7 +7654,7 @@
        ".gitlab/ci.sh setup",
        ".gitlab/ci.sh configure",
        ".gitlab/ci.sh build_hadrian",
 -      ".gitlab/ci.sh test_hadrian"
 +      ".gitlab/ci.sh smoke_test"
      ],
      "stage": "full-build",
      "tags": [
@@ -7662,8 +7666,8 @@
        "BUILD_FLAVOUR": "validate",
        "CONFIGURE_ARGS": "--with-intree-gmp --enable-strict-ghc-toolchain-check",
        "CROSS_EMULATOR": "qemu-loongarch64 -L /usr/loongarch64-linux-gnu",
 -      "CROSS_STAGE": "2",
        "CROSS_TARGET": "loongarch64-linux-gnu",
 +      "FINAL_CROSS_STAGE": "2",
        "INSTALL_CONFIGURE_ARGS": "--enable-strict-ghc-toolchain-check",
        "RUNTEST_ARGS": "-e config.timeout=900",
        "TEST_ENV": "x86_64-linux-ubuntu24_04-loongarch-cross_loongarch64-linux-gnu-validate",

hadrian/src/Rules/BinaryDist.hs

@@ -70,6 +70,13 @@ These are the steps to build a bindist:
    to
      <build root>/<bindist-dir>/ghc-<X>.<Y>.<Z>-<arch>-<os>/lib
 +- for cross-compilers, overwrite the implicitly copied (previous step)
 +  <build root>/<library-stage-dir>/lib/targets/default.target file with that of
 +  the executable stage. I.e. copy:
 +    <build root>/<executable-stage-dir>/lib/targets/default.target
 +  to
 +    <build root>/<bindist-dir>/ghc-<X>.<Y>.<Z>-<arch>-<os>/lib/targets/default.target
++
  - copy the generated docs (user guide, haddocks, etc):
      <build root>/doc/
    to
@@ -248,6 +255,13 @@ buildBinDistDir root conf@BindistConfig{..} = do
      copyDirectory (ghcBuildDir -/- "lib") bindistFilesDir
 +    -- For cross-compilers we need to override the `targets/default.target`
 +    -- file that was implicitly copied from the library stage, because this
 +    -- describes a target native compiler (stage3) and not a cross-compiler.
 +    when (library_stage /= executable_stage) $
 +        copyFile (root -/- stageString executable_stage -/- "lib" -/- "targets" -/- "default.target")
 +                 (bindistFilesDir -/- "lib" -/- "targets" -/- "default.target")
++
      -- Regenerate settings file without LibDir. For bindists, LibDir should
      -- be derived from topdir at runtime such that the GHC binary is
      -- relocatable. The package DB is always at "package.conf.d" relative to

hadrian/src/Rules/Generate.hs

@@ -255,11 +255,14 @@ generateRules = do
              prefix = root -/- stageString compilerStage -/- "lib"
              go gen file = generate file (semiEmptyTarget compilerStage) gen
          (prefix -/- "settings") %> \out -> do
 -            -- Stage0 has no library or package DB of its own (the
 -            -- bootstrapping compiler uses Stage1's); for any other stage the
 -            -- package DB lives where the LibDir redirect points (this stage's
 -            -- own lib dir, or the successor's when @compilerStage@ is a cross
 -            -- stage).
 +            -- @compilerStage@ is the stage that builds the compiler, i.e. the
 +            -- binary whose settings these are; @libraryStage@ is the stage
 +            -- whose libraries and package DB that compiler uses. The two
 +            -- differ in two cases: Stage0 has no library or package DB of its
 +            -- own (the bootstrapping compiler uses Stage1's), and cross
 +            -- stages use the successor stage's libraries (a cross compiler
 +            -- requires libs from the successor stage, otherwise they are
 +            -- compiled for the host and not the target).
              isCross <- crossStage compilerStage
              let libraryStage = case compilerStage of
                      Stage0 {} -> Stage1
@@ -273,11 +276,23 @@ generateRules = do
                        else root -/- stageString libraryStage -/- "lib"
                  relPkgDb = makeRelativeNoSysLink libTopDir pkgDb
              go (generateSettings out True relPkgDb libraryStage) out
 -        (prefix -/- "targets" -/- "default.target") %> \out -> go (show <$> expr (targetStage (succStage compilerStage))) out
 +        (prefix -/- "targets" -/- "default.target") %> \out ->
 +            go (generateTargetFile compilerStage) out
    where
      file <~+ gen = file %> \out -> generate out emptyTarget gen >> makeExecutable out
 +    generateTargetFile :: Stage -> Expr String
 +    generateTargetFile compilerStage = do
 +        isCrossStage <- if compilerStage < Stage3
 +                          then expr (crossStage compilerStage)
 +                          else pure False
 +        let libraryStage = case compilerStage of
 +                Stage0 {} -> Stage1
 +                _         -> if isCrossStage then succStage compilerStage else compilerStage
 +        tgt <- expr (targetStage libraryStage)
 +        pure $ show tgt { tgtLocallyExecutable = not isCrossStage }
++
  -- TODO: Use the Types, Luke! (drop partial function)
  -- We sometimes need to evaluate expressions that do not require knowing all
  -- information about the context. In this case, we don't want to know anything.
@@ -421,8 +436,9 @@ bindistRules = do
      , interpolateVar "HostOS_CPP" $ fmap cppify $ interp $ queryHost queryOS
 -    -- Stage2 always targets the final architecture. Thus, we can use a
 -    -- constant stage here.
 +    -- Stage2 always targets the target (as in build, host, target)
 +    -- architecture. Thus, we can use it constant stage here to find
 +    -- information about the target architecture.
      , interpolateVar "TargetPlatform" $ getTarget Stage2 targetPlatformTriple
      , interpolateVar "TargetPlatform_CPP" $ cppify <$> getTarget Stage2 targetPlatformTriple
      , interpolateVar "TargetArch_CPP" $ cppify <$> getTarget Stage2 queryArch

hadrian/src/Settings/Packages.hs

@@ -112,8 +112,11 @@ packageArgs = do
               , compilerStageOption ghcDebugAssertions ? arg "-DDEBUG" ]
            , builder (Cabal Flags) ? mconcat
 -            [ andM [expr (ghcWithInterpreter stage), orM [expr (notM cross), stage1]] `cabalFlag` "interpreter"
 -            , andM [expr (ghcWithInterpreter stage), notM (expr cross)] `cabalFlag` "internal-interpreter"
 +            -- In the context of cross-compilation, stage2 runs on the target
 +            -- and thus can - if the architecture supports it - provide the
 +            -- interpreter natively.
 +            [ andM [expr (ghcWithInterpreter stage), orM [expr (notM cross), stage1, stage2]] `cabalFlag` "interpreter"
 +            , andM [expr (ghcWithInterpreter stage), orM [expr (notM cross), stage2]] `cabalFlag` "internal-interpreter"
              , ifM stage0
                    -- We build a threaded stage 1 if the bootstrapping compiler
                    -- supports it.