On Friday 20 March 2009 5:23:37 am Ryan Ingram wrote:
> On Fri, Mar 20, 2009 at 1:01 AM, Dan Doel <dan.doel@gmail.com> wrote:
> > However, to answer Luke's wonder, I don't think fixAbove always finds
> > fixed points, even when its preconditions are met. Consider:
> >
> >  f []     = []
> >  f (x:xs) = x:x:xs
> >
> >  twos = 2:twos
>
> How about
>
> > fixAbove f x = x `lub` fixAbove f (f x)
>
> Probably doesn't work (or give good performance) with the current
> implementation of "lub" :)
>
> But if "lub" did work properly, it should give the correct answer for
> fixAbove f (2:undefined).

This looked good to me at first, too (assuming it works), and it handles my
first example. But alas, we can defeat it, too:

 f (x:y:zs) = x:y:x:y:zs
 f zs       = zs

Now:

 f (2:_|_) = _|_
 f _|_     = _|_

 fix f = _|_

 fixAbove f (2:_|_) = 2:_|_ `lub` _|_ `lub` _|_ ...
                    = 2:_|_

Which is not a fixed point of f. But there are actually multiple choices of
fixed points above 2:_|_

 f (2:[]) = 2:[]
 forall n. f (cycle [2,n]) = cycle [2,n]

I suppose the important distinction here is that we can't arrive at the fixed
point simply by iterating our function on our initial value (possibly
infinitely many times). I suspect this example won't be doable without an
oracle of some kind.

Ah well.
-- Dan


Thanks for all comments on my question, especially those bashing my poor code.

The above approach does not apply to my case. What I have is a monotone
function f on a partial order satisfying f x >= x, for all x. Given that the
partial order is in fact a cpo this is enough to guarantee that a least fixed
point can be found above any point in the partial order simply by iterating
f, although not necessarily in finite time. Taking the lub of x and the fixed
point of f (over bottom) need not give a fixed point even if one exists.

Think of reachability in a graph from a starting set. Let S be some fixed
set, and let f return all points reachable in 0 or 1 step from the union
of S and the argument to f. Then fix f is the set of points reachable from S,
which is a fixed point. But adding some point x outside fix f will in general
not give me a fixed point, even though a unique fixed point exists (the set
reachable from the union of {x} and fix f).

Jens