CC'ing @core-libraries-committee so we don't lose this. It's important work!On Fri, Jul 10, 2020 at 12:02 PM, Daniel Rogozin <daniel.rogozin@serokell.io> wrote:Greetings,
I would like to propose and discuss several changes related to the character kind. Some of those changes were implemented jointly with Rinat Stryungis, my Serokell teammate.The purpose of this patch is to provide a possibility of analysing type-level strings (symbols) as term-level ones. This feature allows users to implement such programs as type-level parsers. One needs to have full-fledged support of type-level characters as well as we already have for strings and numbers. In addition to this functionality, it makes sense to introduce the set of type-families, counterparts of functions defined in the Data.Char module in order to work with type-level strings and chars as usual (more or less).
For more convenience, it’s worth having some of the character-related type families as built-ins and generating the rest of ones as type synonyms.
The patch fixes #11342, an issue opened by Alexander Vieth several years ago. In this patch, we introduced the Char Kind, a kind of type-level characters, with the additional type-families, type-level counterparts of functions from the `Data.Char` module.
In contrast to Vieth’s approach, we use the same Char type and don’t introduce the different `Character` kind. We provide slightly more helpers to work with the Char kind, see below.
You may take a look at this merge request with proposed updates: https://gitlab.haskell.org/ghc/ghc/-/merge_requests/3598.
First of all, we overview the additional type families implemented by us in this patch.type family CmpChar (a :: Char) (b :: Char) :: Ordering
Comparison of type-level characters, as a type family. A type-level analogue of the function `compare` specified for characters.
type family LeqChar (a :: Char) (b :: Char) :: Bool
This is a type-level comparison of characters as well. `LeqChar` yields a Boolean value and corresponds to `(<=)`.
type family ConsSymbol (a :: Char) (b :: Symbol) :: Symbol
This extends a type-level symbol with a type-level character
type family UnconsSymbol (a :: Symbol) :: Maybe (Char, Symbol)
This type family yields type-level `Just` storing the first character of a symbol and its tail if it is nonempty and `Nothing` otherwise.
Type-level counterparts of the functions `toUpper`, `toLower`, and `toTitle` from 'Data.Char'.
type family ToUpper (a :: Char) :: Char
type family ToLower (a :: Char) :: Char
type family ToTitle (a :: Char) :: Char
These type families are type-level analogues of the functions `ord` and `chr` from Data.Char respectively.
type family CharToNat (a :: Char) :: Nat
type family NatToChar (a :: Nat) :: Char
A type-level analogue of the function `generalCategory` from `Data.Kind`.
type family GeneralCharCategory (a :: Char) :: GeneralCategory
The second group of type families consists of built-in unary predicates. All of them are based on their corresponding term-level analogues from `Data.Char`. The precise list is the following one:
type family IsAlpha (a :: Char) :: Bool
type family IsAlphaNum (a :: Char) :: Bool
type family IsControl (a :: Char) :: Bool
type family IsPrint (a :: Char) :: Bool
type family IsUpper (a :: Char) :: Bool
type family IsLower (a :: Char) :: Bool
type family IsSpace (a :: Char) :: Bool
type family IsDigit (a :: Char) :: Bool
type family IsOctDigit (a :: Char) :: Bool
type family IsHexDigit (a :: Char) :: Bool
type family IsLetter (a :: Char) :: Bool
We also provide several type-level predicates implemented via the `GeneralCharCategory` type family.
type IsMark a = IsMarkCategory (GeneralCharCategory a)
type IsNumber a = IsNumberCategory (GeneralCharCategory a)
type IsPunctuation a = IsPunctuationCategory (GeneralCharCategory a)
type IsSymbol a = IsSymbolCategory (GeneralCharCategory a)
type IsSeparator a = IsSeparatorCategory (GeneralCharCategory a)
Here is an example of an implementation:
type IsMark a = IsMarkCategory (GeneralCharCategory a)
type family IsMarkCategory (c :: GeneralCategory) :: Bool where
IsMarkCategory 'NonSpacingMark = 'True
IsMarkCategory 'SpacingCombiningMark = 'True
IsMarkCategory 'EnclosingMark = 'True
IsMarkCategory _ = 'False
Built-in type families I described above are supported with the corresponding definitions and functions in `compiler/GHC/Builtin/Names.hs`, `compiler/GHC/Builtin/Types.hs`, and `compiler/GHC/Builtin/Types/Literals.hs`.
In addition to type families, our patch contain the following updates:
parsing the 'x' syntax
type-checking 'x' :: Char
type-checking Refl :: 'x' :~: 'x'
Typeable / TypeRep support
template-haskell support
Haddock related updates
tests
At the moment, the merge request has some minor imperfections for polishing and improvement, but we have a prototype of a possible implementation.
The aim of my email is to receive your feedback on this patch.
Kind regards,
Danya Rogozin.
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