Hello all, I'm learning Haskell, and started to go through a set of intermediate exercises ( https://www.fpcomplete.com/user/DanBurton/20-intermediate-exercises). I am a bit puzzled about one of the exercises, and hope someone can help me understand why one of my solutions doesn't work. We have a typeclass, Misty (only the relevant banana function shown) as: class Misty m where banana :: (a -> m b) -> m a -> m b The exercise asks to implement this typeclass for the type ‘((->) t)’. I started off by filling in the relevant types, and I get: banana :: (a -> ((->) t b) ) -> ((->) t a) -> ((->) t b) banana :: (a -> (t -> b)) -> (t -> a) -> (t -> b) Based on this, I decided to implement banana as: banana f g = (\x -> f (g x)) Here is my thought process: - The type of f is ‘(a -> t -> b)’, and the type of g is ‘(t -> a)’ - g converts an argument of type ‘t’ into a result of type ‘a’. - I then pass the result of ‘(g x)’ (which is of type ‘a’) as an argument to ‘f’. - At this point, ‘f’ would be partially applied, and I *expect* to get a result of type ‘(t -> b)’ However, when I try to build my solution, I get the following error (code is in a file called intermediate-help.hs): [1 of 1] Compiling Main ( intermediate-help.hs, interpreted ) intermediate-help.hs:7:25: Couldn't match expected type ‘b’ with actual type ‘t -> b’ ‘b’ is a rigid type variable bound by the type signature for banana :: (a -> t -> b) -> (t -> a) -> t -> b at intermediate-help.hs:7:5 Relevant bindings include x :: t (bound at intermediate-help.hs:7:20) g :: t -> a (bound at intermediate-help.hs:7:14) f :: a -> t -> b (bound at intermediate-help.hs:7:12) banana :: (a -> t -> b) -> (t -> a) -> t -> b (bound at intermediate-help.hs:7:5) In the expression: f (g x) In the expression: (\ x -> f (g x)) Failed, modules loaded: none. So here's my confusion: The compiler is complaining that it cannot match expected type ‘b’ with actual type ‘t -> b’. However, as I reasoned above, when I wrote this code, I expected to get type ‘t -> b’. Clearly, my thought process has a hole, and I need help/advice from more experienced Haskellers to identify what I am missing. Thank you for any help, ~Umair