I have an application where I would like to use AES to have a public/private key pair and digitally sign/verify documents. I have found documentation for a library that does the encryption: http://www.haskell.org/crypto/doc/html/Codec-Encryption-AES.html However, it seems to have only two methods: encrypt :: AESKey a => a -> Word128 -> Word128 decrypt :: AESKey a => a -> Word128 -> Word128 A problem for me, I don't know where AESKey is supposed to come from, or how to use this to sign things. My ignorance of this topic does not help. Would it be correct to say that signing a document is similar to an MD5 hash on a document? In addition, this project requires a matching python component (that works together with the haskell). I am in a similar situation, I have found this: http://bitconjurer.org/rijndael.py that provides a similar functionality. But it seems to provide insights (and thus portability to haskell) on how to generate the public/private keys by providing a single key and performing a lot of math on it to generate the two pairs. But it still does not help me sign anything. Any help whatsoever on this topic is welcome. With regards, Jeffrey.