On 31 Dec 2008, at 16:02, Max cs wrote:

hi all, not sure if there is someone still working during holiday like me : )

I got a little problem in implementing some operations on tree.

suppose we have a tree date type defined:

data Tree a = Leaf a | Branch (Tree a) (Tree a)

I want to do a concatenation on these tree just like the concat on list. Anyone has idea on it? or there are some existing implementation?

Thank you and Happy New Year!

How would you like to concatenate them? Concatonation on lists is easy because there's only one end point to attach the next list to, on a tree though, there are many leaves to attach things to. Here's a few examples though: Attaching to the right most point on the tree (tree data structure modified to store data in branches not leaves here) data Tree a = Leaf | Branch (Tree a) a (Tree a) concatT :: [Tree a] -> Tree a concatT = foldr1 appendT appendT :: Tree a -> Tree a -> Tree a appendT Leaf t = t appendT (Branch l x r) t = Branch l x (appendT r t) Attaching to *all* the leaves on the tree (same modification to the data structure) concatT :: [Tree a] -> Tree a concatT = foldr1 appendT appendT :: Tree a -> Tree a -> Tree a appendT Leaf t = t appendT (Branch l x r) t = Branch (appendT l t) x (appendT r t) merging a list of trees maintaining them as ordered binary trees concatT :: Ord a => [Tree a] -> Tree a concatT = foldr1 unionT unionT :: Ord a => Tree a -> Tree a -> Tree a unionT t = foldrT insertT t foldrT :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Tree a -> b foldrT f z Leaf = z foldrT f z (Branch l x r) = f x (foldrT f (foldrT f z r) l) insertT :: Ord a => a -> Tree a -> Tree a insertT x Leaf = Branch Leaf x Leaf insertT x (Branch l y r) | x <= y = Branch (insertT x l) y r | otherwise = Branch l y (insertT x r) Hope that helps. Bob