- Glasgow-haskell-users

GHC ebuild done!
by Sven Moritz Hallberg 28 May '02

28 May '02

Hi Tom, With the help of the excellent new guide on porting GHC (Thank you Simon!) I have just created an ebuild for GHC. I thought I'd let you know, in case you're still working on it. I don't bootstrap GHC 5 directly from HC files, but GHC 4.08.3 (as some suggested) and go on from there. I've submitted the ebuild yesterday as Bug #3092 to the Gentoo Bugzilla. Feel free to comment if you want to look at it. Regards, Sven Moritz Hallberg

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RE: Runtime importing of modules in GHC
by Simon Marlow 27 May '02

27 May '02

> .. and now, my real reason for posting the previous message 8) > > Unfortunately, the big limitation of this is that we're going > through the FFI to get things to work. > > This kinda sucks because that means that the exported functions > have to stick to exporting one of the prim_types (Int, Char, > Float, Double, Ptr, StablePtr, and a few others). > > So, is there some wizardry out there which allows using the RTS > Linker to load up .o modules which are not created with the FFI? > I've been experimenting with it, and I just get segfaults if > I try to load the adder_closure, adder_entry, adder_fast1 or > adder_info symbols. You *should* be able to just get the address of adder_closure and coerce it to the right type. The difficulty with this is that lookupSymbol returns a Ptr, which is an unboxed type, whereas the function type is a boxed type. Coercing unboxed types to boxed types is highly unsafe, because they have different representations on the stack. However, GHCi does exactly this, and coerces from one to the other using addrToHValue# (see ByteCodeLink.lookupCE). It's dangerous, but we'd know pretty quickly if it didn't work. The Right Thing To Do would be to do the communication with the RTS linker in terms of StablePtrs, but there's a performance overhead for doing that (perhaps not too bad, I haven't measured it). Cheers, Simon

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Array
by Allan Bruno 27 May '02

27 May '02

How can I do a Array's sum, using IArray, MArray, and the operator (!) ??? Ex: [1 2 3] [1 2 3] [2 4 6] [4 5 6] + [2 3 2] = [6 8 8] [4 2 1] [4 2 1] [8 4 2] Thanks !

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Re: Runtime importing of modules in GHC
by MR K P SCHUPKE 27 May '02

27 May '02

Here's how I did it... load your main program _and_ modules into a linker shell program. Keean. Andre Pang wrote: > On Mon, May 27, 2002 at 04:31:02PM +1000, Andre Pang wrote: > > > The concept: You want to have the equivalent of dlopen(); i.e. be > > able to tell the Haskell runtime system to import a module and > > call functions in that module. As an example, say there's > > a function called adder: > > .. and now, my real reason for posting the previous message 8) > > Unfortunately, the big limitation of this is that we're going > through the FFI to get things to work. > > This kinda sucks because that means that the exported functions > have to stick to exporting one of the prim_types (Int, Char, > Float, Double, Ptr, StablePtr, and a few others). > > So, is there some wizardry out there which allows using the RTS > Linker to load up .o modules which are not created with the FFI? > I've been experimenting with it, and I just get segfaults if > I try to load the adder_closure, adder_entry, adder_fast1 or > adder_info symbols. > > -- > #ozone/algorithm <ozone(a)algorithm.com.au> - trust.in.love.to.save > _______________________________________________ > Glasgow-haskell-users mailing list > Glasgow-haskell-users(a)haskell.org > http://www.haskell.org/mailman/listinfo/glasgow-haskell-users

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RE: install question
by Simon Marlow 27 May '02

27 May '02

> apologies if this is slightly OT (Linux is new to me, by > about 24 hours; I > see version numbers and freak out), can the ghc 5.02.3 rpms > for suse 7.3 be > used with suse 8.0? Let me know if they work for you, and I'll put a note on the web page. The RedHat 7.2 RPMs work fine on 7.3, BTW. Cheers, Simon

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install question
by chris.danx 27 May '02

27 May '02

Hi, apologies if this is slightly OT (Linux is new to me, by about 24 hours; I see version numbers and freak out), can the ghc 5.02.3 rpms for suse 7.3 be used with suse 8.0? Cheers, Chris

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Re: Runtime importing of modules in GHC
by Andre Pang 27 May '02

27 May '02

On Mon, May 27, 2002 at 04:31:02PM +1000, Andre Pang wrote: > The concept: You want to have the equivalent of dlopen(); i.e. be > able to tell the Haskell runtime system to import a module and > call functions in that module. As an example, say there's > a function called adder: .. and now, my real reason for posting the previous message 8) Unfortunately, the big limitation of this is that we're going through the FFI to get things to work. This kinda sucks because that means that the exported functions have to stick to exporting one of the prim_types (Int, Char, Float, Double, Ptr, StablePtr, and a few others). So, is there some wizardry out there which allows using the RTS Linker to load up .o modules which are not created with the FFI? I've been experimenting with it, and I just get segfaults if I try to load the adder_closure, adder_entry, adder_fast1 or adder_info symbols. -- #ozone/algorithm <ozone(a)algorithm.com.au> - trust.in.love.to.save

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Runtime importing of modules in GHC
by Andre Pang 27 May '02

27 May '02

Hi all, Manuel Chakravarty has helped me[1] with getting runtime importing of modules (a.k.a. dynamic loading) working in GHC on Linux. It should work on Windows, too. The concept: You want to have the equivalent of dlopen(); i.e. be able to tell the Haskell runtime system to import a module and call functions in that module. As an example, say there's a function called adder: module Adder1 where adder n = n + 2 which you want to call from another module, called, erm, "Main": module Main where main = do -- somehow import the Adder module let foo = adder 5 putStr (show foo ++ "\n") -- should print out 7 We've managed to get the concept working, and the actual code isn't all that complex. We compile the Linker.lhs file (from the compiler/ghci/ directory in the GHC source) so that we can get access to the functions in the Haskell Runtime System's linker. Then you can utilise the FFI to runtime-import the module that you want. Here's some example code (sorry to make this email so long): Adder1.hs: module Adder1 where foreign export adder :: (Int -> Int) adder n = n + 2 Adder2.hs: module Adder2 where foreign export adder :: (Int -> Int) adder n = n + 3 Main.hs: module Main where import Linker import Foreign import Maybe import System foreign import dynamic dynCallIntInt :: Ptr (Int -> Int) -> (Int -> Int) main :: IO () main = do -- initialise the runtime system linker initLinker -- Need to load these module so that resolveObjs later doesn't complain loadObj "/usr/lib/ghc-5.02.2/HSstd.o" loadObj "/usr/lib/ghc-5.02.2/HSstd_cbits.o" -- Load the module which we really want to load argv <- getArgs moduleName <- case argv of [args] -> return args _ -> do putStrLn "usage: ./a.out Foo," putStrLn " where Foo is the module name which contains the adder function" exitWith (ExitFailure 1) loadObj (moduleName ++ ".o") loadObj (moduleName ++ "_stub.o") putStr ("Loaded " ++ moduleName ++ "\n") -- Tell the linker to resolve the symbols in the newly-loaded object file resolvedObjs <- resolveObjs putStr ("Resolved Object Symbols: " ++ show resolvedObjs ++ "\n") -- Look up the function name we want to call foundSymbol <- lookupSymbol "adder" let justFoundSymbol = fromJust foundSymbol -- Call the function with appropriate parameters let result = dynCallIntInt justFoundSymbol 6 putStr (show result ++ "\n") -- Finished! putStr "Yay!\n" .. and the demonstration: 16:25(0) .../project/runtime_import% make ghc -fglasgow-exts -package lang -c `ghc --print-libdir`/HSrts.o Linker.lhs ghc -fglasgow-exts -package lang -c `ghc --print-libdir`/HSrts.o Adder1.hs ghc -fglasgow-exts -package lang -c `ghc --print-libdir`/HSrts.o Adder2.hs ghc -ldl -package lang -fglasgow-exts -fvia-c Main.hs Linker.o nice make 6.29s user 0.65s system 94% cpu 7.359 total 16:25(0) .../project/runtime_import% ./a.out Adder1 Loaded Adder1 Resolved Object Symbols: True 8 Yay! 16:25(0) .../project/runtime_import% ./a.out Adder2 Loaded Adder2 Resolved Object Symbols: True 9 Yay! 16:25(0) .../project/runtime_import% So it looks like it all works nicely :). The sample code's available at: http://www.algorithm.com.au/hacking/haskell/ if anybody wants to take a look at it. 1. Okay, he had about 95% of the insight, and I managed to piece the other 5% together :) -- #ozone/algorithm <ozone(a)algorithm.com.au> - trust.in.love.to.save

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25 May '02

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RE: getting a grip on memory usage
by Simon Peyton-Jones 24 May '02

24 May '02

You surely need a seq in loop' (not loop). GHC can't see that it's strict, because it's overloaded. Something like | where loop' a pos | pos > high = a | | otherwise = a1 `seq` p1 `seq` loop' a1 p1 where a1 = f a pos p1 = p+1 (The seq on p1 simply avoids the creation of a thunk for p+1; the thunk will be evaluated on the next iteration, assuming '>' is strict, so it won't be a leak.) Or specialise loop to type Int (or whatever), which will help the strictness analyser no end. I'm not certain that this will do it, but if you don't do this you are in deep trouble. By 'eat memory' I assume you mean residency rather than just allocation Simon | -----Original Message----- | From: Hal Daume III [mailto:hdaume@ISI.EDU] | Sent: 22 May 2002 18:49 | To: GHC Users Mailing List | Subject: getting a grip on memory usage | | | so i have a function that is eating *tons* of memory. my | application is | clustering and i put everything in UArrays or Arrays. for | clustering 5 | data points with 4 features (a tiny tiny set) the program gobbles | 350mbs! most of the usage is coming from this distance function: | | dist dat Nothing pq@(p,q) = | (uncurry loop) (bounds xp) 0 | (\a i -> a + (sqr (xp!i - xq!i))) | where Vector xp = dat !!! p | Vector xq = dat !!! q | dist dat (Just (Vector w)) pq@(p,q) = | (uncurry loop) (bounds xp) 0 | (\a i -> a + ((sqr (w!i)) * (sqr (xp!i - xq!i)))) | where Vector xp = dat !!! p | Vector xq = dat !!! q | | Where the relevant definitions are: | | type Vector = Vector (UArray Int Double) | (!!!) = Array.(!) | | and loop is: | | loop :: (Num i, Ord i, Ix i) => i -> i -> a -> (a -> i -> a) -> a | loop low high a f = loop' a low | where loop' a pos | pos > high = a | | otherwise = loop' (f a pos) (pos+1) | | i cannot figure out why such a function would be eating so | much memory. i | even tried changing the function provided to loop with "a | `seq` ..." to | make sure we're not creating a huge thunk, but that didn't | help at all. | | but, according to my profiling: | | dist Main 380000 27.7 23.6 | 64.9 61.0 | sqr Main 2280000 1.6 7.9 | 1.6 7.9 | !!! Main 760000 4.7 0.0 | 4.7 0.0 | loop Loops 380000 30.8 29.5 | 30.8 29.5 | | i realize it's being entered a lot of times, and i can | understand that it | would use a bunch of time resources, but i don't understand | why it's using | so much space. | | any help would be appreciated... | | - Hal | | -- | Hal Daume III | | "Computer science is no more about computers | hdaume(a)isi.edu | than astronomy is about telescopes." -Dijkstra | www.isi.edu/~hdaume | | _______________________________________________ | Glasgow-haskell-users mailing list | Glasgow-haskell-users(a)haskell.org | http://www.haskell.org/mailman/listinfo/glasgow-haskell-users |

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