GHC Performance / Replacement for R?

25 Aug 2016

      I am trying to use Haskell as a replacement for R but running into two
problems which I describe below. Are there any plans to address the
performance issues I have encountered?

 1. I seem to have to jump through a lot of hoops just to be able to
    select the data I am interested in.

{-# LANGUAGE ScopedTypeVariables #-}

{-# OPTIONS_GHC -Wall #-}

import Data.Csv hiding ( decodeByName )
import qualified Data.Vector as V

import Data.ByteString ( ByteString )
import qualified Data.ByteString.Char8 as B

import qualified Pipes.Prelude as P
import qualified Pipes.ByteString as Bytes
import Pipes
import qualified Pipes.Csv as Csv
import System.IO

import qualified Control.Foldl as L

main :: IO ()
main = withFile "examples/787338586_T_ONTIME.csv" ReadMode $ \h -> do
  let csvs :: Producer (V.Vector ByteString) IO ()
      csvs = Csv.decode HasHeader (Bytes.fromHandle h) >-> P.concat
      uvectors :: Producer (V.Vector ByteString) IO ()
      uvectors = csvs  >-> P.map (V.foldr V.cons V.empty)
  vec_vec <- L.impurely P.foldM  L.vector uvectors
  print $ (vec_vec :: V.Vector (V.Vector ByteString)) V.! 17
  print $ V.length vec_vec
  let rockspring = V.filter (\x -> x V.! 8 == B.pack "RKS") vec_vec
  print $ V.length rockspring

Here's the equivalent R:

df <- read.csv("787338586_T_ONTIME.csv")
rockspring <- df[df$ORIGIN == "RKS",]

 2. Now I think I could improve the above to make an environment that
    is more similar to the one my colleagues are used to in R but more
    problematical is the memory usage.

 * 112.5M file
 * Just loading the source into ghci takes 142.7M
 * > foo <- readFile "examples/787338586_T_ONTIME.csv" > length foo
   takes me up to 4.75G. But we probably don't want to do this!
 * Let's try again.
 * > :set -XScopedTypeVariables
 * > h <- openFile "examples/787338586_T_ONTIME.csv" ReadMode
 * > let csvs :: Producer (V.Vector ByteString) IO () = Csv.decode HasHeader (Bytes.fromHandle h) >-> P.concat
 * > let uvectors :: Producer (V.Vector ByteString) IO () = csvs  >-> P.map (V.map id) >-> P.map (V.foldr V.cons V.empty)
 * > vec_vec :: V.Vector (V.Vector ByteString) <- L.impurely P.foldM  L.vector uvectors
 * Now I am up at 3.17G. In R I am under 221.3M.
 * > V.length rockspring takes a long time to return 155 and now I am
   at 3.5G!!! In R > rockspring <- df[df$ORIGIN == "RKS",] seems
   instantaneous and now uses only 379.5M.
 * > length(rockspring) 37 > length(df$ORIGIN) 471949 i.e. there are
   37 columns and 471,949 rows.

Running this as an executable gives

~/Dropbox/Private/labels $ ./examples/BugReport +RTS -s
["2014-01-01","EV","20366","N904EV","2512","10747","1074702","30747",
 "BRO","Brownsville, TX","Texas","11298","1129803","30194",
  "DFW","Dallas/Fort Worth, TX","Texas","0720","0718",
  "-2.00","8.00","0726","0837","7.00","0855","0844","-11.00","0.00",
  "","0.00","482.00","","","","","",""]
471949
155
  14,179,764,240 bytes allocated in the heap
   3,378,342,072 bytes copied during GC
     786,333,512 bytes maximum residency (13 sample(s))
      36,933,976 bytes maximum slop
            1434 MB total memory in use (0 MB lost due to fragmentation)

                                     Tot time (elapsed)  Avg pause  Max pause
  Gen  0     26989 colls,     0 par    1.423s   1.483s     0.0001s    0.0039s
  Gen  1        13 colls,     0 par    1.005s   1.499s     0.1153s    0.6730s

  INIT    time    0.000s  (  0.003s elapsed)
  MUT     time    3.195s  (  3.193s elapsed)
  GC      time    2.428s  (  2.982s elapsed)
  EXIT    time    0.016s  (  0.138s elapsed)
  Total   time    5.642s  (  6.315s elapsed)

  %GC     time      43.0%  (47.2% elapsed)

  Alloc rate    4,437,740,019 bytes per MUT second

  Productivity  57.0% of total user, 50.9% of total elapsed

Dominic Steinitz

Simon Peyton Jones

Iavor Diatchki

Dominic Steinitz

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