On 8/11/07, Thomas Conway
There are many papers about this in the Parallel Logic Programming area. It is commonly called "Embarrassing Parallelism".
Ah, I wasnt very precise ;-) I didnt mean I dont understand the problem; I meant I dont understand why people think it is difficult to solve ;-) (And then I tried to explain by examples why it is easy, but it is true that my communication sucks ;-) )
you'll only get a benefit if you can break xs into chunks of e.g. 10^3 elements or more, and more like 10^5 or more for more usual 'f's.
Actually, the number of elements is irrelevant. The only measure that is important is how long the function is taking to execute, and whether it is parellizable. Example, the following only has 3 elements but will take a while to run: strPrtLn $ sum $ map getNumberPrimes [10240000, 20480000, 40960000 ] The following has 10 million elements but runs quickly: strPrtLn $ sum $ map (+1) [1..10000000 ] In the second, we start the function running, in a single thread, and after a second, the function has already finished, so great! Were done! In the first, we start the function running, in a single thread. After a second the function is still running, so we look at what is taking the time and whether it is parallelizable. Turns out the vm has been chugging away on the map for the last second, and that that maps are parallelizeable, so we split the map into Math.Min( <numberelements>, <number cores>) pieces, which on a 1024-core machine, given we have 3 elements, is Math.Min( 1024, 3 ), which is 3. So, we assign each of the 3 elements of the map to a thread. So, now we're using 3 of our 64 cores. A second later, each thread is still chugging away at its element, so we think, ok, maybe we can parallelize more, because we still have 61 threads/cores available, so now we look at the getNumberOfPrimes function itself, and continue the above type of analysis. This continues until all 64 cores have been assigned some work to do. Whenever a thread finishes, we look around for some work for it to do. If there is some, we assign it. If there isnt, we look around for an existing thread that is doing something parallelizeable, and split it into two pieces, giving one to the old thread, and one to the available thread. Not sure why this is perceived as difficult (added the word "perceived" this time ;-) ). I think the main barrier to understanding why it is easy is understanding that this needs to be done from a VM, at runtime. It is not possible to do it statically at compilation, but I really need to finish watching SPJ's video before declaring that SPJ's proposal is doomed to fail ;-) Not least, probably not good to make an enemy of SPJ ;-)