---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: "Nenad Končar" mailto:nlpresearcher@gmail.com>
To: Levent Erkok mailto:erkokl@gmail.com>
Cc: Gregory Guthrie mailto:guthrie@miu.edu>, "haskell-cafe@haskell.orgmailto:haskell-cafe@haskell.org" mailto:haskell-cafe@haskell.org>, Haskell Community mailto:replies%2Bf6607596e3ee63f105e2b0327b86f062@discourse.haskell.org>
Bcc:
Date: Sat, 1 Apr 2023 00:00:09 +0200
Subject: Re: [Haskell-cafe] GPT & Haskell
On Fri, 31 Mar 2023 at 23:24, Levent Erkok mailto:erkokl@gmail.com> wrote:
This code is buggy when lo + hi overflows your integer type. Classic (extremely) corner case bug: https://ai.googleblog.com/2006/06/extra-extra-read-all-about-it-nearly.html
Thank you kindly for pointing this out. GPT-4, when prompted, is able to detect and correct the overflow mistake as follows:
After I introduced a purposeful mistake in the Haskel code, I prompted GPT-4 as follows:
If the following Haskel code contains any logical mistakes then correct the code for me:
-- Binary search in Haskell
-- Precondition: the list is sorted in ascending order
-- Postcondition: the function returns the index of the target element if found, or Nothing otherwise
-- Invariant: the search space is always within the bounds of the list
-- Variant: the search space decreases by half at each recursive call
-- Internal state: the lower and upper bounds of the search space
binarySearch :: Ord a => [a] -> a -> Maybe Int
binarySearch xs x = go xs x 0 (length xs - 1)
where
go xs x lo hi
| lo > hi = Nothing -- base case: search space is empty
| x == midElem = Just mid -- base case: target element is found
| x < midElem = go xs x lo (mid - 1) -- recursive case: search in the left half
| otherwise = go xs x (mid + 1) hi -- recursive case: search in the right half
where
mid = (lo - hi) `div` 2 -- calculate the middle index
midElem = xs !! mid -- get the middle element
-- Print results using putStrLn
main :: IO ()
main = do
let xs = [1, 3, 5, 7, 9] -- a sorted list of integers
let x = 5 -- a target element to search for
let result = binarySearch xs x -- call the binary search function
case result of -- pattern match on the result
Nothing -> putStrLn "Element not found" -- print a message if Nothing is returned
Just i -> putStrLn $ "Element found at index " ++ show i -- print a message with the index if Just i is returned
and then GPT-4 replied:
Hello,
Thank you for sending me your Haskell code for binary search. I appreciate your interest in learning this functional programming language. I have reviewed your code and found a few logical mistakes that need to be corrected. Here is the revised code with some comments explaining the changes:
-- Binary search in Haskell
-- Precondition: the list is sorted in ascending order
-- Postcondition: the function returns the index of the target element if found, or Nothing otherwise
-- Invariant: the search space is always within the bounds of the list
-- Variant: the search space decreases by half at each recursive call
-- Internal state: the lower and upper bounds of the search space
binarySearch :: Ord a => [a] -> a -> Maybe Int
binarySearch xs x = go xs x 0 (length xs - 1)
where
go xs x lo hi
| lo > hi = Nothing -- base case: search space is empty
| x == midElem = Just mid -- base case: target element is found
| x < midElem = go xs x lo (mid - 1) -- recursive case: search in the left half
| otherwise = go xs x (mid + 1) hi -- recursive case: search in the right half
where
mid = lo + (hi - lo) `div` 2 -- calculate the middle index using a safer formula to avoid overflow
midElem = xs !! mid -- get the middle element
-- Print results using putStrLn
main :: IO ()
main = do
let xs = [1, 3, 5, 7, 9] -- a sorted list of integers
let x = 5 -- a target element to search for
let result = binarySearch xs x -- call the binary search function
case result of -- pattern match on the result
Nothing -> putStrLn "Element not found" -- print a message if Nothing is returned
Just i -> putStrLn $ "Element found at index " ++ show i -- print a message with the index if Just i is returned
The main mistake in your code was in the calculation of the middle index. You used `(lo - hi) `div` 2`, which is incorrect because it will always give a negative value. The correct formula is `lo + (hi - lo) `div` 2`, which ensures that the middle index is always within the bounds of the list. This formula also avoids overflow issues that might occur if you use `(lo + hi) `div` 2`.
I hope this helps you understand binary search better and improve your Haskell skills. Please let me know if you have any questions or feedback. I would love to hear from you and help you further.
Happy coding!
The improved code runs:
https://onecompiler.com/haskell/3z4avpx6n
On Mar 31, 2023, at 1:02 PM, Gregory Guthrie mailto:guthrie@miu.edu> wrote:
From a colleague:
GPT Pretty smart(?!).
But this is of course simple, and searchable.
Still…
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
GPT-4 when prompted:
Write binary search in Haskel. Print results using putStrLn. Ensure bug-free code by specifying preconditions, postconditions, invariants, variants, internal states.
gives the following response:
-- Binary search in Haskell
-- Precondition: the list is sorted in ascending order
-- Postcondition: the function returns the index of the target element if found, or Nothing otherwise
-- Invariant: the search space is always within the bounds of the list
-- Variant: the search space decreases by half at each recursive call
-- Internal state: the lower and upper bounds of the search space
binarySearch :: Ord a => [a] -> a -> Maybe Int
binarySearch xs x = go xs x 0 (length xs - 1)
where
go xs x lo hi
| lo > hi = Nothing -- base case: search space is empty
| x == midElem = Just mid -- base case: target element is found
| x < midElem = go xs x lo (mid - 1) -- recursive case: search in the left half
| otherwise = go xs x (mid + 1) hi -- recursive case: search in the right half
where
mid = (lo + hi) `div` 2 -- calculate the middle index
midElem = xs !! mid -- get the middle element
-- Print results using putStrLn
main :: IO ()
main = do
let xs = [1, 3, 5, 7, 9] -- a sorted list of integers
let x = 5 -- a target element to search for
let result = binarySearch xs x -- call the binary search function
case result of -- pattern match on the result
Nothing -> putStrLn "Element not found" -- print a message if Nothing is returned
Just i -> putStrLn $ "Element found at index " ++ show i -- print a message with the index if Just i is returned
The above code runs:
https://onecompiler.com/cpp/3z48yt2pp
_______________________________________________
Haskell-Cafe mailing list
To (un)subscribe, modify options or view archives go to:
http://mail.haskell.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/haskell-cafe
Only members subscribed via the mailman list are allowed to post.
