Thanks, that was helpful. I didn't realize that there were pure functional monads. ---------------------------------------------------------- "Monadic" just means a calculation using a mathematical structure called a monad. All impure calculations in Haskell are monadic, but not all monadic calculations are impure. Does this answer your question? --Eric _______________________________________________ Haskell-Cafe mailing list Haskell-Cafe@haskell.org http://www.haskell.org/mailman/listinfo/haskell-cafe ____________________________________________________________________________________ Be a better Globetrotter. Get better travel answers from someone who knows. Yahoo! Answers - Check it out. http://answers.yahoo.com/dir/?link=list&sid=396545469