Thus quoth Joachim Durchholz on Tue Nov 21 2017 at 07:45 (+0100):
But then you're are right, C++ and C are often quite in the lead in what concerns speed (even though some tweaks may bring other programming languages quite close [1]).
I think one of the important factors is how much coder effort is needed to get that kind of performance. The trade-off seems to be how much coder effort is needed to get the code correct.
I definitely agree. I'd even say: "to get the code correct and to maintain its correctness over future updates".
From what I hear: C++ gives easy and predictable performance (if you code for that), while being somewhat unpredictable on correctness. Haskell excels at correctness, gives reasonable but not very predictable performance. Java is predictable with correctness though not excellent, and predictable with performance though not excellent.
I like this chart, thank you :-) -- Sergiu