I have a general question: I would like to have a type-class C in which types that are instances of C have some type parameters and then a subclass S of C where some of the type parameters of an instance of S are more constrained in some way -- perhaps by being equal and/or being instances of some other class. I have an entirely artificial example (att.) that illustrates this situation and struggled (it's a while since I wrote much Haskell) to get it past the ghc type checker until stumbling across GADTs which do seem to do the trick, so I could leave it at that but... ...I am very far from sure that this is the correct way to look at the problem and am hoping for some illumination. regards Lloyd. -- No AI was used in composing this message.