Hello, I've been working to encode a fairly complex flow chart. At first I took the simple approach of having a single data type for the possible states data S = S0 | S1 | S2 and then a simple recursive function to step through it loop :: Monad m => S -> StateT s m Result loop S0 = testS0 >>= \r -> if r then loop S1 else loop S2 loop S1 = s1Result loop S2 = s2Result This works well enough, but with the size of the flow chart I'm working with (50+ decision points) it quickly becomes clear that it's probably not the most best way to do it. One problem that I'd like to solve is being able to test each decision point in isolation, making sure that decision point `m` will go to decision point `n` when it is supposed to, without having to run through the whole rest of the flow chart that would otherwise follow. Something else I'd like to achieve is being able to organize the decisions into separate modules - much better than having just the one big function above. Here's what I've come up with as an alternative so far. data Step a b where TrueFlow :: Decision a d e => a -> Step a b FalseFlow :: Decision b f g => b -> Step a b Done :: Result -> Step a b class Decision a b c | a -> b, a -> c where decide :: (Functor m, Monad m) => a -> StateT s m (Step b c) data S0 = S0 deriving (Show, Eq) instance Decision S0 S1 S2 where decide _ = bool (FalseFlow S2) (TrueFlow S1) <$> testS0 data S1 = S1 deriving (Show, Eq) instance Decision S1 () () where decide _ = s1Result data S2 = S2 deriving (Show, Eq) instance Decision S2 () () where decide _ = s2Result decision :: (Functor m, Monad m, Decision a b c) => a -> StateT s m Result decision s = decide s >>= \case TrueFlow b -> decision b FalseFlow c -> decision c Done s -> return s With this implementation it is easy to test a single decision point, - just use `evalStateT (decide S0) s` and compare the resulting Step to make sure it is either S1 or S2. The logic can also be easily separated and organized into modules. The biggest drawback of this new approach is the need to create a new `Step` record at every decision point. In the end, this may be worth it for the added design benefits, but would love to be able to get rid of it and find a solution that gives the added benefits without incurring any performance penalties. Any suggestions anyone can give on improvements would be greatly appreciated. Thanks! Rich