On 6 Feb 2009, at 5:08 am, Gregg Reynolds wrote:
Not "programs", but "programs that do IO". The point of the idiom is that there's an external side effect involved. What sticks in my craw is that "a mathematical value with a non-mathematical side effect" is, well, non-mathematical and possibly nonsensical.
I was introduced to group theory by being shown a real physical cube (a child's building block) and the real physical actions of turning a cube around in physical space that left it looking like the same cube in the same place. These physical actions are the elements of a group because the action "don't do anything" is the identity the combination rule "do X then do Y" is multiplication for every action there is an obvious "undo" (or inverse) action Take away the cube and the group remains: the elements of the group are (representable as) mathematical objects and you can operate on those mathematical objects to your heart's content. Of course nothing actually happens in the real world until you get a real cube and start following the instructions. The analogy: Members of the symmetry group on a cube : IO actions :: an actual real world : the IO state of a program :: someone following the turning orders : a Haskell system is a good one. If you want to say that "a mathematical value with a non-mathematical effect" is nonsensical, more power to you. I said I don't want to get far into White Knight territory. As long as you can agree "A mathematical value INTERPRETED BY a physical engine can have physical effects", we're home and dry. Let's face it, the idea of a Haskell program having physical effects (despite being a mathematical object) is no more (and no less) "non-mathematical and possibly nonsensical" than the idea of a C program (which is just a character string) having such effects, and no more (and no less) "non-mathematical and possibly nonsensical" than the idea of a machine code program (which is just a sequence of bits) having such effects. In all these cases, the program *is* a perfectly good mathematical value, just as good as the number 1, and arguably better than the number pi, and can be manipulated as an mathematical value, even computed as the result of a mathematical process. In all these cases, the program cannot and will not have any effects in the world whatsoever until it is combined with a physical program-interpreting device. Rem
I know it works for some (most?) people, but for me it lacks Geometry and Theology.
-g