need help understanding how to specify constraints on monads

Dennis Raddle

28 Jun 2018 28 Jun '18

1:22 a.m.

I'm writing a program with several functions, some of which depend on certain fields in a state monad, others of which depend on others, but no routine needs all the fields. So I thought I would declare a two classes, one for each type of data need that a function has: -- as an aside, here's an example of data which is parameterized by two types. data ReportData t1 t2 = ... -- this is rolling my own state monad with a random generator class Monad m => RandMonad m where getGen :: m StdGen putGen :: StdGen -> () -- this is a class of state monad which logs ReportData: class Monad m => LogMonad m where putReport :: ReportData t1 t2 -> m () For a particular use case, I declare a type of State monad: data MyStateData t1 t2 = MyStateData t1 t2 { theGen :: StdGen , theReports :: [StepReport t1 t2] } type MyState t1 t2 = State (MyStateData t1 t2) And I try to define my instances: instance RandMonad (MyState t1 t2) where getGen = gets theGen putGen g = modify (\s -> s { theGen = g}) instance LogMonad (MyState t1 t2) where putReport r = modify (\s -> s { theReports = r : theReports s}) I get an error on the LogMonad instance, saying that there's no instance for (MonadState (MyState t1 t2) (StateT (MyState t1 t2) Identity)) I guess I don't really understand typeclasses once you start using higher kinded types, so please enlighten me. Any reading on this subject would be helpful, too.

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Tom Ellis

28 Jun 28 Jun

1:41 a.m.

New subject: need help understanding how to specify constraints on monads

Your sample code has a few bugs which make it not compile, for example the following is not valid syntax data MyStateData t1 t2 = MyStateData t1 t2 { theGen :: StdGen , theReports :: [StepReport t1 t2] } and you use "StepReport" when I think you mean "ReportData". Could you post a version which is completely working besides the error you are trying to solve? Otherwise it's rather hard to help. Tom On Wed, Jun 27, 2018 at 10:22:46PM -0700, Dennis Raddle wrote:

...

I'm writing a program with several functions, some of which depend on certain fields in a state monad, others of which depend on others, but no routine needs all the fields.

So I thought I would declare a two classes, one for each type of data need that a function has:

-- as an aside, here's an example of data which is parameterized by two types.

data ReportData t1 t2 = ...

-- this is rolling my own state monad with a random generator class Monad m => RandMonad m where getGen :: m StdGen putGen :: StdGen -> ()

-- this is a class of state monad which logs ReportData:

class Monad m => LogMonad m where putReport :: ReportData t1 t2 -> m ()

For a particular use case, I declare a type of State monad:

data MyStateData t1 t2 = MyStateData t1 t2 { theGen :: StdGen , theReports :: [StepReport t1 t2] }

type MyState t1 t2 = State (MyStateData t1 t2)

And I try to define my instances:

instance RandMonad (MyState t1 t2) where getGen = gets theGen putGen g = modify (\s -> s { theGen = g})

instance LogMonad (MyState t1 t2) where putReport r = modify (\s -> s { theReports = r : theReports s})

I get an error on the LogMonad instance, saying that there's no instance for (MonadState (MyState t1 t2) (StateT (MyState t1 t2) Identity))

I guess I don't really understand typeclasses once you start using higher kinded types, so please enlighten me. Any reading on this subject would be helpful, too.

...

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Dennis Raddle

1:43 a.m.

New subject: need help understanding how to specify constraints on monads

okay, will do. It has a lot of details that aren't really necessary to ask the question, but now that I think about it, all that's required of you is to download and try to compile it. D On Wed, Jun 27, 2018 at 10:41 PM, Tom Ellis < tom-lists-haskell-cafe-2017@jaguarpaw.co.uk> wrote:

...

Your sample code has a few bugs which make it not compile, for example the following is not valid syntax

data MyStateData t1 t2 = MyStateData t1 t2 { theGen :: StdGen , theReports :: [StepReport t1 t2] }

and you use "StepReport" when I think you mean "ReportData". Could you post a version which is completely working besides the error you are trying to solve? Otherwise it's rather hard to help.

Tom

On Wed, Jun 27, 2018 at 10:22:46PM -0700, Dennis Raddle wrote:

...
I'm writing a program with several functions, some of which depend on certain fields in a state monad, others of which depend on others, but no routine needs all the fields.

So I thought I would declare a two classes, one for each type of data need that a function has:

-- as an aside, here's an example of data which is parameterized by two types.

data ReportData t1 t2 = ...

-- this is rolling my own state monad with a random generator class Monad m => RandMonad m where getGen :: m StdGen putGen :: StdGen -> ()

-- this is a class of state monad which logs ReportData:

class Monad m => LogMonad m where putReport :: ReportData t1 t2 -> m ()

For a particular use case, I declare a type of State monad:

data MyStateData t1 t2 = MyStateData t1 t2 { theGen :: StdGen , theReports :: [StepReport t1 t2] }

type MyState t1 t2 = State (MyStateData t1 t2)

And I try to define my instances:

instance RandMonad (MyState t1 t2) where getGen = gets theGen putGen g = modify (\s -> s { theGen = g})

instance LogMonad (MyState t1 t2) where putReport r = modify (\s -> s { theReports = r : theReports s})

I get an error on the LogMonad instance, saying that there's no instance for (MonadState (MyState t1 t2) (StateT (MyState t1 t2) Identity))

I guess I don't really understand typeclasses once you start using higher kinded types, so please enlighten me. Any reading on this subject would be helpful, too.

...
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Dennis Raddle

1:54 a.m.

New subject: need help understanding how to specify constraints on monads

I created a minimal example of what I'm trying to do --- in fact, I think this will be better than what I wrote in the first place --- but now I'm baffled by a different error entirely, which is some identifiers not in scope. I'm going to post this anyway, because I suspect the error is related to what the compiler can infer about my instance, which is something I need to understand better. Once you get past that error, either it will be working (yay!) or you'll encounter the error about no instance for MonadState which was my original problem. {-# LANGUAGE MultiParamTypeClasses, FlexibleInstances, FlexibleContexts #-} import Control.Monad.State import System.Random data ReportData t1 t2 = ReportData t1 t2 -- this is rolling my own state monad with a random generator class Monad m => RandMonad m where getGen :: m StdGen putGen :: StdGen -> () -- this is a class of state monad which logs ReportData: class Monad m => LogMonad m where putReport :: ReportData t1 t2 -> m () -- For a particular use case, I declare a type of State monad: data MyStateData t1 t2 = MyStateData t1 t2 { theGen :: StdGen , theReports :: [ReportData t1 t2] } type MyState t1 t2 = State (MyStateData t1 t2) -- And I try to define my instances: instance RandMonad (MyState t1 t2) where getGen = gets theGen putGen g = modify (\s -> s { theGen = g}) -- ERROR : theGen not in scope instance LogMonad (MyState t1 t2) where putReport r = modify (\s -> s { theReports = r : theReports s}) -- ERROR: theReports not in scope On Wed, Jun 27, 2018 at 10:43 PM, Dennis Raddle wrote:

...

okay, will do. It has a lot of details that aren't really necessary to ask the question, but now that I think about it, all that's required of you is to download and try to compile it.

D

On Wed, Jun 27, 2018 at 10:41 PM, Tom Ellis wrote:

...
Your sample code has a few bugs which make it not compile, for example the following is not valid syntax

data MyStateData t1 t2 = MyStateData t1 t2 { theGen :: StdGen , theReports :: [StepReport t1 t2] }

and you use "StepReport" when I think you mean "ReportData". Could you post a version which is completely working besides the error you are trying to solve? Otherwise it's rather hard to help.

Tom

On Wed, Jun 27, 2018 at 10:22:46PM -0700, Dennis Raddle wrote:

...
I'm writing a program with several functions, some of which depend on certain fields in a state monad, others of which depend on others, but no routine needs all the fields.

So I thought I would declare a two classes, one for each type of data need that a function has:

-- as an aside, here's an example of data which is parameterized by two types.

data ReportData t1 t2 = ...

-- this is rolling my own state monad with a random generator class Monad m => RandMonad m where getGen :: m StdGen putGen :: StdGen -> ()

-- this is a class of state monad which logs ReportData:

class Monad m => LogMonad m where putReport :: ReportData t1 t2 -> m ()

For a particular use case, I declare a type of State monad:

data MyStateData t1 t2 = MyStateData t1 t2 { theGen :: StdGen , theReports :: [StepReport t1 t2] }

type MyState t1 t2 = State (MyStateData t1 t2)

And I try to define my instances:

instance RandMonad (MyState t1 t2) where getGen = gets theGen putGen g = modify (\s -> s { theGen = g})

instance LogMonad (MyState t1 t2) where putReport r = modify (\s -> s { theReports = r : theReports s})

I get an error on the LogMonad instance, saying that there's no instance for (MonadState (MyState t1 t2) (StateT (MyState t1 t2) Identity))

I guess I don't really understand typeclasses once you start using higher kinded types, so please enlighten me. Any reading on this subject would be helpful, too.

...
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David Kraeutmann

2:05 a.m.

New subject: need help understanding how to specify constraints on monads

Apart from a bunch of minor errors, the crux here is that class Monad m => LogMonad m where putReport :: ReportData t1 t2 -> m () has locally quantified type variables t1, t2, and thus the `r` in `putReport r` has type `ReportData a b` while the state type expects `ReportData x y`. On 06/28/2018 01:54 AM, Dennis Raddle wrote:

...

I created a minimal example of what I'm trying to do --- in fact, I think this will be better than what I wrote in the first place --- but now I'm baffled by a different error entirely, which is some identifiers not in scope. I'm going to post this anyway, because I suspect the error is related to what the compiler can infer about my instance, which is something I need to understand better.

Once you get past that error, either it will be working (yay!) or you'll encounter the error about no instance for MonadState which was my original problem.

{-# LANGUAGE MultiParamTypeClasses, FlexibleInstances, FlexibleContexts #-}

import Control.Monad.State import System.Random

data ReportData t1 t2 = ReportData t1 t2

-- this is rolling my own state monad with a random generator class Monad m => RandMonad m where    getGen :: m StdGen    putGen :: StdGen -> ()

-- this is a class of state monad which logs ReportData:

class Monad m => LogMonad m where    putReport :: ReportData t1 t2 -> m ()

-- For a particular use case, I declare a type of State monad:

data MyStateData t1 t2 = MyStateData t1 t2 { theGen     :: StdGen , theReports :: [ReportData t1 t2] }

type MyState t1 t2 = State (MyStateData t1 t2)

-- And I try to define my instances:

instance RandMonad (MyState t1 t2) where getGen   = gets theGen putGen g = modify (\s -> s { theGen = g})   -- ERROR : theGen not in scope

instance LogMonad (MyState t1 t2) where putReport r = modify (\s -> s { theReports = r : theReports s}) -- ERROR: theReports not in scope

On Wed, Jun 27, 2018 at 10:43 PM, Dennis Raddle mailto:dennis.raddle@gmail.com> wrote:

okay, will do. It has a lot of details that aren't really necessary to ask the question, but now that I think about it, all that's required of you is to download and try to compile it.

D

On Wed, Jun 27, 2018 at 10:41 PM, Tom Ellis mailto:tom-lists-haskell-cafe-2017@jaguarpaw.co.uk> wrote:

Your sample code has a few bugs which make it not compile, for example the following is not valid syntax

data MyStateData t1 t2 = MyStateData t1 t2 { theGen :: StdGen , theReports :: [StepReport t1 t2] }

and you use "StepReport" when I think you mean "ReportData". Could you post a version which is completely working besides the error you are trying to solve? Otherwise it's rather hard to help.

Tom

On Wed, Jun 27, 2018 at 10:22:46PM -0700, Dennis Raddle wrote: > I'm writing a program with several functions, some of which depend on > certain fields in a state monad, others of which depend on others, but no > routine needs all the fields. > > So I thought I would declare a two classes, one for each type of data need > that a function has: > > -- as an aside, here's an example of data which is parameterized by two > types. > > data ReportData t1 t2 = ... > > -- this is rolling my own state monad with a random generator > class Monad m => RandMonad m where > getGen :: m StdGen > putGen :: StdGen -> () > > -- this is a class of state monad which logs ReportData: > > class Monad m => LogMonad m where > putReport :: ReportData t1 t2 -> m () > > For a particular use case, I declare a type of State monad: > > data MyStateData t1 t2 = MyStateData t1 t2 > { theGen :: StdGen > , theReports :: [StepReport t1 t2] > } > > type MyState t1 t2 = State (MyStateData t1 t2) > > And I try to define my instances: > > instance RandMonad (MyState t1 t2) where > getGen = gets theGen > putGen g = modify (\s -> s { theGen = g}) > > instance LogMonad (MyState t1 t2) where > putReport r = modify (\s -> s { theReports = r : theReports s}) > > I get an error on the LogMonad instance, saying that there's no instance > for (MonadState (MyState t1 t2) (StateT (MyState t1 t2) Identity)) > > I guess I don't really understand typeclasses once you start using higher > kinded types, so please enlighten me. Any reading on this subject would be > helpful, too.

> _______________________________________________ > Haskell-Cafe mailing list > To (un)subscribe, modify options or view archives go to: > http://mail.haskell.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/haskell-cafe http://mail.haskell.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/haskell-cafe > Only members subscribed via the mailman list are allowed to post.

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Dennis Raddle

5:15 a.m.

New subject: need help understanding how to specify constraints on monads

So, does that mean I'm trying to do something impossible? I'm often not clear on what higher-kinded types are doing, and I'm aware that sometimes I'm asking the compiler to do something that is logically impossible. Or is there a correct way to do this? On Wed, Jun 27, 2018 at 11:05 PM, David Kraeutmann wrote:

...

Apart from a bunch of minor errors, the crux here is that

class Monad m => LogMonad m where putReport :: ReportData t1 t2 -> m ()

has locally quantified type variables t1, t2, and thus the `r` in `putReport r` has type `ReportData a b` while the state type expects `ReportData x y`.

On 06/28/2018 01:54 AM, Dennis Raddle wrote:

...
I created a minimal example of what I'm trying to do --- in fact, I think this will be better than what I wrote in the first place --- but now I'm baffled by a different error entirely, which is some identifiers not in scope. I'm going to post this anyway, because I suspect the error is related to what the compiler can infer about my instance, which is something I need to understand better.

Once you get past that error, either it will be working (yay!) or you'll encounter the error about no instance for MonadState which was my original problem.

{-# LANGUAGE MultiParamTypeClasses, FlexibleInstances, FlexibleContexts #-}

import Control.Monad.State import System.Random

data ReportData t1 t2 = ReportData t1 t2

-- this is rolling my own state monad with a random generator class Monad m => RandMonad m where getGen :: m StdGen putGen :: StdGen -> ()

-- this is a class of state monad which logs ReportData:

class Monad m => LogMonad m where putReport :: ReportData t1 t2 -> m ()

-- For a particular use case, I declare a type of State monad:

data MyStateData t1 t2 = MyStateData t1 t2 { theGen :: StdGen , theReports :: [ReportData t1 t2] }

type MyState t1 t2 = State (MyStateData t1 t2)

-- And I try to define my instances:

instance RandMonad (MyState t1 t2) where getGen = gets theGen putGen g = modify (\s -> s { theGen = g}) -- ERROR : theGen not in scope

instance LogMonad (MyState t1 t2) where putReport r = modify (\s -> s { theReports = r : theReports s}) -- ERROR: theReports not in scope

On Wed, Jun 27, 2018 at 10:43 PM, Dennis Raddle mailto:dennis.raddle@gmail.com> wrote:

okay, will do. It has a lot of details that aren't really necessary to ask the question, but now that I think about it, all that's required of you is to download and try to compile it.

D

On Wed, Jun 27, 2018 at 10:41 PM, Tom Ellis mailto:tom-lists-haskell-cafe-2017@jaguarpaw.co.uk> wrote:

Your sample code has a few bugs which make it not compile, for example the following is not valid syntax

data MyStateData t1 t2 = MyStateData t1 t2 { theGen :: StdGen , theReports :: [StepReport t1 t2] }

and you use "StepReport" when I think you mean "ReportData". Could you post a version which is completely working besides the error you are trying to solve? Otherwise it's rather hard to help.

Tom

On Wed, Jun 27, 2018 at 10:22:46PM -0700, Dennis Raddle wrote: > I'm writing a program with several functions, some of which depend on > certain fields in a state monad, others of which depend on others, but no > routine needs all the fields. > > So I thought I would declare a two classes, one for each type of data need > that a function has: > > -- as an aside, here's an example of data which is parameterized by two > types. > > data ReportData t1 t2 = ... > > -- this is rolling my own state monad with a random generator > class Monad m => RandMonad m where > getGen :: m StdGen > putGen :: StdGen -> () > > -- this is a class of state monad which logs ReportData: > > class Monad m => LogMonad m where > putReport :: ReportData t1 t2 -> m () > > For a particular use case, I declare a type of State monad: > > data MyStateData t1 t2 = MyStateData t1 t2 > { theGen :: StdGen > , theReports :: [StepReport t1 t2] > } > > type MyState t1 t2 = State (MyStateData t1 t2) > > And I try to define my instances: > > instance RandMonad (MyState t1 t2) where > getGen = gets theGen > putGen g = modify (\s -> s { theGen = g}) > > instance LogMonad (MyState t1 t2) where > putReport r = modify (\s -> s { theReports = r : theReports s}) > > I get an error on the LogMonad instance, saying that there's no instance > for (MonadState (MyState t1 t2) (StateT (MyState t1 t2) Identity)) > > I guess I don't really understand typeclasses once you start using higher > kinded types, so please enlighten me. Any reading on this subject would be > helpful, too.

> _______________________________________________ > Haskell-Cafe mailing list > To (un)subscribe, modify options or view archives go to: > http://mail.haskell.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/haskell-cafe http://mail.haskell.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/haskell-cafe > Only members subscribed via the mailman list are allowed to post.

_______________________________________________ Haskell-Cafe mailing list To (un)subscribe, modify options or view archives go to: http://mail.haskell.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/haskell-cafe http://mail.haskell.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/haskell-cafe Only members subscribed via the mailman list are allowed to post.

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Tom Ellis

5:33 a.m.

New subject: need help understanding how to specify constraints on monads

You're not trying to do something impossible but in my experience it's really only very, very rare cases where it's good design to introduce your own typeclasses. What problem are you trying to solve where introducing new typeclasses is the solution? (And FYI these are not higher-kinded types, they're multiparameter type classes.) Tom On Thu, Jun 28, 2018 at 02:15:08AM -0700, Dennis Raddle wrote:

...

So, does that mean I'm trying to do something impossible?

I'm often not clear on what higher-kinded types are doing, and I'm aware that sometimes I'm asking the compiler to do something that is logically impossible.

Or is there a correct way to do this?

On Wed, Jun 27, 2018 at 11:05 PM, David Kraeutmann wrote:

...
Apart from a bunch of minor errors, the crux here is that

class Monad m => LogMonad m where putReport :: ReportData t1 t2 -> m ()

has locally quantified type variables t1, t2, and thus the `r` in `putReport r` has type `ReportData a b` while the state type expects `ReportData x y`.

On 06/28/2018 01:54 AM, Dennis Raddle wrote:

...
I created a minimal example of what I'm trying to do --- in fact, I think this will be better than what I wrote in the first place --- but now I'm baffled by a different error entirely, which is some identifiers not in scope. I'm going to post this anyway, because I suspect the error is related to what the compiler can infer about my instance, which is something I need to understand better.

Once you get past that error, either it will be working (yay!) or you'll encounter the error about no instance for MonadState which was my original problem.

{-# LANGUAGE MultiParamTypeClasses, FlexibleInstances, FlexibleContexts #-}

import Control.Monad.State import System.Random

data ReportData t1 t2 = ReportData t1 t2

-- this is rolling my own state monad with a random generator class Monad m => RandMonad m where getGen :: m StdGen putGen :: StdGen -> ()

-- this is a class of state monad which logs ReportData:

class Monad m => LogMonad m where putReport :: ReportData t1 t2 -> m ()

-- For a particular use case, I declare a type of State monad:

data MyStateData t1 t2 = MyStateData t1 t2 { theGen :: StdGen , theReports :: [ReportData t1 t2] }

type MyState t1 t2 = State (MyStateData t1 t2)

-- And I try to define my instances:

instance RandMonad (MyState t1 t2) where getGen = gets theGen putGen g = modify (\s -> s { theGen = g}) -- ERROR : theGen not in scope

instance LogMonad (MyState t1 t2) where putReport r = modify (\s -> s { theReports = r : theReports s}) -- ERROR: theReports not in scope

On Wed, Jun 27, 2018 at 10:43 PM, Dennis Raddle mailto:dennis.raddle@gmail.com> wrote:

okay, will do. It has a lot of details that aren't really necessary to ask the question, but now that I think about it, all that's required of you is to download and try to compile it.

D

On Wed, Jun 27, 2018 at 10:41 PM, Tom Ellis mailto:tom-lists-haskell-cafe-2017@jaguarpaw.co.uk> wrote:

Your sample code has a few bugs which make it not compile, for example the following is not valid syntax

data MyStateData t1 t2 = MyStateData t1 t2 { theGen :: StdGen , theReports :: [StepReport t1 t2] }

and you use "StepReport" when I think you mean "ReportData". Could you post a version which is completely working besides the error you are trying to solve? Otherwise it's rather hard to help.

Tom

On Wed, Jun 27, 2018 at 10:22:46PM -0700, Dennis Raddle wrote: > I'm writing a program with several functions, some of which depend on > certain fields in a state monad, others of which depend on others, but no > routine needs all the fields. > > So I thought I would declare a two classes, one for each type of data need > that a function has: > > -- as an aside, here's an example of data which is parameterized by two > types. > > data ReportData t1 t2 = ... > > -- this is rolling my own state monad with a random generator > class Monad m => RandMonad m where > getGen :: m StdGen > putGen :: StdGen -> () > > -- this is a class of state monad which logs ReportData: > > class Monad m => LogMonad m where > putReport :: ReportData t1 t2 -> m () > > For a particular use case, I declare a type of State monad: > > data MyStateData t1 t2 = MyStateData t1 t2 > { theGen :: StdGen > , theReports :: [StepReport t1 t2] > } > > type MyState t1 t2 = State (MyStateData t1 t2) > > And I try to define my instances: > > instance RandMonad (MyState t1 t2) where > getGen = gets theGen > putGen g = modify (\s -> s { theGen = g}) > > instance LogMonad (MyState t1 t2) where > putReport r = modify (\s -> s { theReports = r : theReports s}) > > I get an error on the LogMonad instance, saying that there's no instance > for (MonadState (MyState t1 t2) (StateT (MyState t1 t2) Identity)) > > I guess I don't really understand typeclasses once you start using higher > kinded types, so please enlighten me. Any reading on this subject would be > helpful, too.

> _______________________________________________ > Haskell-Cafe mailing list > To (un)subscribe, modify options or view archives go to: > http://mail.haskell.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/haskell-cafe http://mail.haskell.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/haskell-cafe > Only members subscribed via the mailman list are allowed to post.

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...

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Paolino

9:28 a.m.

New subject: need help understanding how to specify constraints on monads

All you need is the state to have different "aspects" You can express this with parameters to your stateful computations Here's an (uncompiled) sketch covering part of your case, using lenses {-# language TemplateHaskell #-} import Control.Lens (Lens', set, makeLenses) import System.Random import Control.Monad.State -- a user of any state 's' which has a StdGen aspect, see the 's' is free here so putGen is polymorphic in it putGen :: Lens' s StdGen -> StdGen -> State s () putGen l g = modify $ set l g -- or for shorter see Control.Lens.Setter -- putGen = (.=) ... ... -- a state as a record with all aspects data S = S { .... :: .... , _generator :: StdGen ..... :: .. } makeLenses ''S -- automatically derive the lenses for you (generator function in example) -- equivalent at least to something like -- generator f g s = (\g' -> s{_generator = g'}) <$> f g main = do g0 <- newStdGen print $ evalState (putGen generator g >> ....) $ S ... g0 .. (This leaves you the burden of passing lenses around (one for each aspect) which you could alleviate with different techniques, if this is ever a concern) As Tom said, typeclasses are not that good for this cases as it might seem at first glance HTH Best paolino On Thu, 28 Jun 2018 at 07:23, Dennis Raddle wrote:

...

I'm writing a program with several functions, some of which depend on certain fields in a state monad, others of which depend on others, but no routine needs all the fields.

So I thought I would declare a two classes, one for each type of data need that a function has:

-- as an aside, here's an example of data which is parameterized by two types.

data ReportData t1 t2 = ...

-- this is rolling my own state monad with a random generator class Monad m => RandMonad m where getGen :: m StdGen putGen :: StdGen -> ()

-- this is a class of state monad which logs ReportData:

class Monad m => LogMonad m where putReport :: ReportData t1 t2 -> m ()

For a particular use case, I declare a type of State monad:

data MyStateData t1 t2 = MyStateData t1 t2 { theGen :: StdGen , theReports :: [StepReport t1 t2] }

type MyState t1 t2 = State (MyStateData t1 t2)

And I try to define my instances:

instance RandMonad (MyState t1 t2) where getGen = gets theGen putGen g = modify (\s -> s { theGen = g})

instance LogMonad (MyState t1 t2) where putReport r = modify (\s -> s { theReports = r : theReports s})

I get an error on the LogMonad instance, saying that there's no instance for (MonadState (MyState t1 t2) (StateT (MyState t1 t2) Identity))

I guess I don't really understand typeclasses once you start using higher kinded types, so please enlighten me. Any reading on this subject would be helpful, too. _______________________________________________ Haskell-Cafe mailing list To (un)subscribe, modify options or view archives go to: http://mail.haskell.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/haskell-cafe Only members subscribed via the mailman list are allowed to post.

Paolino

11:04 a.m.

New subject: need help understanding how to specify constraints on monads

A compiled example where you can taste value level selection of aspect. https://lpaste.net/57731722032185344 - p On Thu, 28 Jun 2018 at 15:28, Paolino wrote:

...

All you need is the state to have different "aspects"

You can express this with parameters to your stateful computations

Here's an (uncompiled) sketch covering part of your case, using lenses

{-# language TemplateHaskell #-}

import Control.Lens (Lens', set, makeLenses) import System.Random import Control.Monad.State

-- a user of any state 's' which has a StdGen aspect, see the 's' is free here so putGen is polymorphic in it putGen :: Lens' s StdGen -> StdGen -> State s () putGen l g = modify $ set l g -- or for shorter see Control.Lens.Setter -- putGen = (.=)

... ...

-- a state as a record with all aspects data S = S { .... :: .... , _generator :: StdGen ..... :: .. }

makeLenses ''S -- automatically derive the lenses for you (generator function in example) -- equivalent at least to something like -- generator f g s = (\g' -> s{_generator = g'}) <$> f g

main = do g0 <- newStdGen print $ evalState (putGen generator g >> ....) $ S ... g0 ..

(This leaves you the burden of passing lenses around (one for each aspect) which you could alleviate with different techniques, if this is ever a concern)

As Tom said, typeclasses are not that good for this cases as it might seem at first glance

HTH

Best

paolino

On Thu, 28 Jun 2018 at 07:23, Dennis Raddle wrote:

...
I'm writing a program with several functions, some of which depend on certain fields in a state monad, others of which depend on others, but no routine needs all the fields.

So I thought I would declare a two classes, one for each type of data need that a function has:

-- as an aside, here's an example of data which is parameterized by two types.

data ReportData t1 t2 = ...

-- this is rolling my own state monad with a random generator class Monad m => RandMonad m where getGen :: m StdGen putGen :: StdGen -> ()

-- this is a class of state monad which logs ReportData:

class Monad m => LogMonad m where putReport :: ReportData t1 t2 -> m ()

For a particular use case, I declare a type of State monad:

data MyStateData t1 t2 = MyStateData t1 t2 { theGen :: StdGen , theReports :: [StepReport t1 t2] }

type MyState t1 t2 = State (MyStateData t1 t2)

And I try to define my instances:

instance RandMonad (MyState t1 t2) where getGen = gets theGen putGen g = modify (\s -> s { theGen = g})

instance LogMonad (MyState t1 t2) where putReport r = modify (\s -> s { theReports = r : theReports s})

I get an error on the LogMonad instance, saying that there's no instance for (MonadState (MyState t1 t2) (StateT (MyState t1 t2) Identity))

I guess I don't really understand typeclasses once you start using higher kinded types, so please enlighten me. Any reading on this subject would be helpful, too. _______________________________________________ Haskell-Cafe mailing list To (un)subscribe, modify options or view archives go to: http://mail.haskell.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/haskell-cafe Only members subscribed via the mailman list are allowed to post.

Dennis Raddle

6:23 p.m.

New subject: need help understanding how to specify constraints on monads

Thanks, Paolino. I will study this. I'll explain my larger goal. Probably should have started with that. I'm writing algorithms to optimize data structures by backtracking search. More specifically, I'm optimizing musical compositions. But I have several possible representations of a composition and I'd like to swap them in and out. I also have several ideas for a search algorithm. The search will function kind of like a chess program, adding notes to the composition one at a time and looking ahead N notes, then using some kind of fitness evaluation function to find the best "next move." There are variations on this algorithm possible. The fitness function will be computed by summing the fitness from "evaluation units" which, individually, look at only one aspect of good music. Together they have a more comprehensive view. I can easily try variations on the search by adding or removing "evaluation units". For another source of variation, I may use a fully deterministic algorithm, or I may use some pseudorandomness in choosing what paths to search, in various combinations. So how do I write a search algorithm when I don't know the type of the data structure or the evaluation units? My idea was to create a typeclass, Comp, parameterized on the the composition data structure ('comp'), the data type of a single "move" or step to be added, ('step'), and the type of an evaluation units ('eu'). class Comp comp eu step | comp -> eu, comp -> step where listPossibleSteps :: comp -> [step] addStep :: comp -> step -> comp evalComp :: eu -> comp -> comp This should offer all the necessary computations to implement backtracking search of many flavors. There's a lot more to how I want to implement this algorithm, mainly that I want to log "analytics" to be able to examine its behavior, so that's where the ReportLog data type and State (or possibly Writer) monad came into it, but never mind that for now. I'm probably not even on the right track with this much. D

Tom Ellis

29 Jun 29 Jun

2:51 a.m.

New subject: need help understanding how to specify constraints on monads

On Thu, Jun 28, 2018 at 03:23:18PM -0700, Dennis Raddle wrote:

...

My idea was to create a typeclass, Comp, parameterized on the the composition data structure ('comp'), the data type of a single "move" or step to be added, ('step'), and the type of an evaluation units ('eu').

class Comp comp eu step | comp -> eu, comp -> step where listPossibleSteps :: comp -> [step] addStep :: comp -> step -> comp evalComp :: eu -> comp -> comp

Have you considered just making a record? data Comp comp eu step = Comp { listPossibleSteps :: comp -> [step], addStep :: comp -> step -> comp, evalComp :: eu -> comp -> comp } If you make it a class then you end up in the bizarre situation where you can only have one collection of functionality for each type `comp`. Tom

Ryan Reich

3:43 a.m.

New subject: need help understanding how to specify constraints on monads

On Fri, Jun 29, 2018 at 2:51 AM, Tom Ellis < tom-lists-haskell-cafe-2017@jaguarpaw.co.uk> wrote:

...

On Thu, Jun 28, 2018 at 03:23:18PM -0700, Dennis Raddle wrote:

...
My idea was to create a typeclass, Comp, parameterized on the the composition data structure ('comp'), the data type of a single "move" or step to be added, ('step'), and the type of an evaluation units ('eu').

class Comp comp eu step | comp -> eu, comp -> step where listPossibleSteps :: comp -> [step] addStep :: comp -> step -> comp evalComp :: eu -> comp -> comp

Have you considered just making a record?

data Comp comp eu step = Comp { listPossibleSteps :: comp -> [step], addStep :: comp -> step -> comp, evalComp :: eu -> comp -> comp }

If you make it a class then you end up in the bizarre situation where you can only have one collection of functionality for each type `comp`.

Tom

This in turn can be worked around using a newtype wrapper for each alternate instance you want. I like this but I understand why it is often seen as awkward. Ryan

Dennis Raddle

5:52 p.m.

New subject: need help understanding how to specify constraints on monads

Hi Tom, Sounds like a good idea. I'll make it a record and see how that works out.

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David Kraeutmann
Dennis Raddle
Paolino
Ryan Reich
Tom Ellis