Hi, Currently the Monoid instance for Data.Map is implemented using union/unions, which are left biased. On key collision, it discards values from the right hand side of `mappend` - https://github.com/ghc/packages-containers/blob/bae098fb0a3994bc2b0ec3313004... If you compare this with the Monoid for Maybe, it's like we're defaulting to First as the monoid instance for maps. A more useful instance, however very much a breaking change, would be to make the instance depend on a Monoid (or better yet, a Semigroup) for the values in the map: instance Monoid v => Monoid (Map k v) where mappend = unionWith mappend This lets us build up maps with values in a useful Monoid, and mappend them with gusto. Thoughts? - Nick Partridge Discussion period: 2 weeks.