Dear expert Haskellers, I am a newbie to Haskell and try to write several algorithms with it. One of them is the string permutation which generates all possible permutations using the characters in the string. For example, if I say, permute "abc" It will return the the result as ["abc","acb","bca","bac","cab","cba"] And here is the program I came up with. permute :: String -> [String] permute str = rotate str len len where len = length str rotate :: String -> Int -> Int -> [String] rotate _ _ 0 = [] rotate s 1 _ = [s] rotate (ch:chs) len rcnt = map (\x -> ch : x) (rotate chs (len-1) (len-1)) ++ rotate (chs ++ [ch]) len (rcnt-1) I am more than certain that this simple program can be rewritten to be more succinct and possibly more efficient using Haskell's features. So I would like to ask if any of you would kindly show me an example. Regards, Ed