(Cross-posted to haskell@, at the suggestion from Don Stewart) After nearly four months of development and 3400+ commits, I'm very glad to announce that Pugs 6.2.13 is now available: http://pugs.blogs.com/dist/Perl6-Pugs-6.2.13.tar.gz SIZE: 6839270 SHA1: b06b8434c64e9bb5e3ab482282fbae0a6ba69218 Motivated by increasing use of Pugs in production, this is an extra release in the 6.2.x series, offering another 200%+ improvement in performance, comprehensive support for interoperability with Perl 5 modules, a built-in grammar engine via native perl5 embedding, and much better support for roles, classes and objects. The web-based presence of Pugs and Perl 6 has improved as well: * http://run.pugscode.org/ puts the Pugs shell in your browser. * http://spec.pugscode.org/ annotates the Synopses with "smart-linked" tests. * http://smoke.pugscode.org/ annotates that further with fail/pass/todo records. * http://rakudo.org/perl6/ is a Wiki dedicated to collect Perl 6 related information. * http://www.programmersheaven.com/2/Perl6-FAQ offers a comprehensive FAQ on Perl 6. Thanks again to all lambdacamels on #perl6 for building this new ship together; it is truly an exhilarating voyage. :-) Have -Ofun! Audrey (The change log below is also available in HTML format: http://pugs.blogs.com/pugs/2006/10/pugs_6213_relea.html#more ) = Changes for 6.2.13 (r14401) - October 17, 2006 == Build System * Perl 5 embedding is now enabled by default ** For Windows users, Perl 5.8.x is required ** Set the `PUGS_EMBED` environment variable to `noperl5` to disable this * Prompting for Parrot embedding is now disabled by default ** Set the `PUGS_EMBED` environment variable to `parrot` to enable this * Support for compiling using GHC 6.6 ** GHC 6.4.1+ is still supported, but 6.6 will be required in the next release == Feature Changes === Interactive Shell and Command-Line Flags * New `pugs -d` flag to display a trace for debugging * The `:r` command now resets the environment once, not twice * The return value of blocks, such as `gather {...}`, is displayed correctly * `$_` is no longer clobbered with the result of each expression's evaluation === Perl 5 Interoperability * Arrays and Hashes now round-trip from Pugs to Perl 5 land and back * Importing functions from Perl 5: `use perl5:CGI <header param>` * Passing unboxed values across runtimes no longer leaks memory * When embedding Perl 5.8+, Unicode flag is now on for Pugs-to-Perl5 strings * `eval($str, :lang<perl5>)` now accepts non-ASCII characters in `$str` === Lexical Syntax * Capture literals: `\($bar: 1, 2, 3, named => 4)` * Here-docs now work as specced; also warns against inconsistent indentation * Interpolation of chained calls: `"$foo.meth.meth.meth.meth()"` * List comprehension: `for 0 < list(@x) < 10 {...}` * Named character escapes: `"\c[LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Y]"` * New grammatical category `term:`, separated from the `prefix:` category * New magical variables: `$?COMPILER` and `$?VERSION` * Parse for `LABEL: STMT`, although it's currently treated the same as `STMT` * Pod directives: `=begin`/`=end` and `=for` now terminate without `=cut` * Pod variables: `$=FOO` and `@=FOO` give you access to the Pod section FOO * Quote adverbs no longer take non-parens brackets: `rx:P5{...}` is valid again * Shell-like quoting rules implemented for `<< $x "qq" 'q' >>` * Signature literals: `:($foo is copy = 42, $, @)` * Support for UTF-8, UTF-16 and UTF-32 encoded source files * Support for backquotes and `qx/.../` for capturing external command output * User-defined infix associativity: `sub infix:<foo> is assoc('right') {...}` * `"\123"` and `"\03"` are now errors; write `"\d123"` and `"\o03"` instead * `$::x` now means exactly the same a `$x`, instead of `$*x` * `%h<>` now means `%h{}` -- the entire hash, not the empty string as key * `($::('x'))` with two adjacent closing parens now parses correctly * `0_123_456` now parses as `0d123456`, not an error * `1<2>` is now a fatal error: Odd number of elements in Hash * `q()` and `qw()` with parentheses are parsed as functions, not quotes === Declarators and Operators * Argument interpolation via prefix `|` and `|<<` * Binding to qualified uninitialised symbols: `&fully::qualify := sub {...}` * Contextual variables are now declared with `my $x is context`, not `env $x` * Hyperised reduce operators: `[>>+<<]` and `[\>>+<<]` * Implicit invocation assignment: `.= uc` is parsed as `$_ = $_.uc` * Mid-block redeclaration no longer allowed: `my $x; { $x = 1; my $x = 2 }` * Negated comparison operators: `!eqv`, `!=:=` etc; `!~~` replaces `!~` * New infix comparison operators: `===` and `eqv` * New infix non-short-circuiting boolean AND operator: `?&` * Nullary reduction of builtin operators gives identity values: `[*]() === 1` * Postfix operators can be called with a dot: `.++`, `$x.++`, `$x.\ ++` * Prefix `=` now iterates on arrays as well: `=@array` * Short-circuiting chained comparison: `1 > 2 > die('foo')` no longer fails * Smart matching against code objects: `$obj ~~ { 1 > $_ > 5 }` * Smart matching against implicit invocation: `$obj ~~ .meth`, `$obj ~~ .[0]` * Typed constraints on autovivification: `my Hash $x; $x[0] = 1` now fails * Typed declarations: `my Dog $fido`, `my T ($x, $y)` * `*` is now always a term, never a prefix operator === Blocks and Statements * Implicit invocation in `when`: `when .true {...}`, `when .<key> {...}` * Listops in conditions no longer consume the block: `for say {...}` * Loop topics are not forced into rw: `for 1..3 { $_++ }` now fails correctly * New `&break` and `&continue` primitives for use within `when` blocks * New `&leave` primitive for exiting from the innermost block * New postfix `given` statement modifier: `.say given foo()` * Support for `FIRST`, `NEXT`, `LAST` loop control blocks * Support for `START`, `PRE`, `POST`, `KEEP`, `UNDO`, `ENTER`, `LEAVE` blocks * Support for repeat blocks: `repeat {...} while 1`, `repeat while 1 {...}` * Support for the `&each` list interleaver: `for each(@a; @b) -> $x, $y {...}` * The `for` loop no longer double-flattens lists: `for %h.pairs -> $p {...}` * Topicalisers for `if`, `else`, `while`, `given` blocks: `if EXPR -> $x {...}` * Topicalisers for postfix `for` loop: `-> $x {...} for 1,2,3` * `&last` and `&redo` now work in `repeat {...}` and `loop {...}` blocks * `&take` no longer flattens array literals: `take [1,2,3];` * `&take` now works in functions called from within a `gather {...}` block * `BEGIN(...)`, `END(...)`, etc., are now parsed as calls, not syntax errors * `END {...}` in `.pm` files are no longer ignored when executed directly * `INIT {...}` now works correctly inside `eval "..."` * `do {...}` is now a loop block that takes standard loop controls * `do {...}` with statement modifiers is explicitly disallowed === Regexes and Grammars * Anonymous tokens and rules anchor on both ends: `123 ~~ token{2}` is false * New `s[...] = EXPR` and `s[...] = .meth` syntax; `s[...][...]` is deprecated * New `tr///` syntax for transliteration; `y///` will not be supported * Pugs::Compiler::Rule (PCR) replaces Parrot/PGE as the default engine * Support for `:c/:continue`, `<prior>`, and much more: see PCR's ChangeLog * `$()`, `@()` and `%()` parse correctly as `$$/`, `@$/` and `%$/` * `/.../` matches `$_` under Int, Num and void context in addition to Bool * `m:g/(1)|(2)/` now returns only successfully matched subcaptures === Modules and Routines * Allow space-separated adverbial named arguments: `f( :x<foo> :$y :!z )` * Multi-dispatching now handles named, slurpy and optional arguments * Multi-dispatching now handles parenthesized expressions as arguments * Named arguments with no matching parameters is now an error * New `&c.call($capture)` method to call without a caller frame (similar to Perl 5's `goto &sub`, but it returns) * New `&c.signature` method to get a Signature object from a Code object * Parse for the `proto` routine modifier: `proto method foo ($x) {...}` * Precompiled `.pm.yml` files with mismatching AST version will no longer load * Support for user-defined unary and optional-unary prefix macros * The main package is now ::Main, not ::main * `&?CALLER_CONTINUATION` is now fully reentrant * `&yield` in coroutines works correctly within loop blocks * `sub ($x = 0 is copy)` no longer allowed; say `sub ($x is copy = 0)` instead * `sub f ($x is lazy) {...}` no longer evaluates $x more than once * `sub f (@x?) {...}; f()` now sets `@x` to `[]`, not `[undef]` === Classes and Objects * Attribute-like method call syntax: `@.method(1)`, `$.method: 2, 3, 4` * Class attributes: `class C { my $.x is rw }` * Class name literals are now term macros, not prefix functions * Compile-time self-mixin no longer allowed: `role A does A` * Default initialiser expression for attributes: `class C { has $.x = 123 }` * Dot attributes are now method calls: `@.x` is the same as `@(self.x)` * Dynamic method calls: `$obj.$meth` * Hyperised method calls: `$obj.>>meth` * Quantified method calls: `$obj.*meth`, `$obj.+meth` and `$obj.?meth` * Reopening classes: `class C is also {...}` * Role mixins: `role R {...} class C does R {...}` * `$?SELF` is gone; write `self` instead * `BUILDALL`/`DESTROYALL` trigger once per class even with diamond inheritance * `does R` and `is C` statements in class body now evaluate in compile time === Built-in Primitives * New `&HOW`, `&WHAT` and `&WHICH` functions replace `&meta`, `&ref` and `&id` * New `&VAR` macro to force lvalue evaluation of an expression * New `&comb` function, a dual to `&split` but matches the wanted parts * New `&crypt` function to create one-way digest strings * New `&fork` function to create a new process * New `&printf` function for formatted printing * New `"emeta` function for escaping strings * Support for `%b` in formatted printing * The `&system` function no longer dies when the command does not exist * The `.as` method is renamed to `.fmt` for formatted printing * The `.perl` method now returns Unicode strings == Bundled Modules === New modules * [ext/Automata-Cellular/] - Build and render cellular automata in a terminal * [ext/Math-Basic/] - Basic mathematical functions and constants * [ext/Math-Random-Kiss/] - Pseudo-random number generator * [ext/re/] - Pragma to choose among grammar engine backends === [ext/CGI/] * A new `as_yaml` method to dump CGI parameters as YAML * Allow initializing the CGI object with a hash of parameters * New `Dump` function adapted from Perl 5's CGI.pm * New basic tests for `escapeHTML` and `unescapeHTML`, which were broken * New tests for `PATH_INFO` * Only send the Content-Type: header if we actually have a content-type * Only send the Status: header if it's a redirect, or if it's explicitly added * Refactored into an OO-only module. N.B.: this breaks backwards compatibility! * Some work on charset handling, though a `charset` method is still missing * The `content_type` method is renamed to `type` for compatibility * The `cookies` attribute is renamed to `cookie` for compatibility === [ext/HTTP-Server-Simple/] * The old non-standard `./method` syntax has been replaced with `self.method` === [ext/Rosetta/] * Significant updates to the `lib/Rosetta/SeeAlso.pod` documentation === [ext/Set-Relation/] * Renamed from [ext/Relation/] * Beginning of separate `Set::Tuple` and `Set::Relation` classes === [ext/Test/] * Converted `Test.pm` documentation from Kwid to Pod syntax * The `eval_ok` and `eval_is` functions are gone; use `is eval` instead, which runs its string in the current lexical scope rather than in Test's (which is usually what you want) == Test Suite === [util/prove6] * Can now run only a portion of the test suite, or even a single file * Original shell script rewritten in Perl 5 for improved portability * Support for multiple Pugs backends and multiple Perl 6 implementations === [util/smartlinks.pl] * A new visualiser of smartlinks used in the test suite * Generates much nicer cross-referenced HTML pages * See annotated specs in action on [http://spec.pugscode.org/] * Smartlinks replace the old [util/catalog_tests.pl] === [util/smokeserv/] * See the `SYN` links on [http://smoke.pugscode.org/] for this in action * Smoke client now uploads raw `.yml` results as well as `.html` * The smokeserver now annotates the spec with test results using smartlinks === [t/] * All tests now begin with `use v6-alpha;` instead of `use v6;` * Many, many more smartlinks have been added into the spec * Programs and modules in [examples/] are tested for syntactic correctness * Tests in [t_disabled/] are merged back into the main test suite * [t/02-test-pm/] created to ensure that `Test.pm` works as advertised * [t/blocks/] renamed from [t/subroutines/] * [t/closure_traits/] created to test closure traits (`FIRST`, `LAST`, etc.) * `#!/usr/bin/pugs` is gone from all test files * `eval_ok` and `eval_is` are now `ok eval` and `is eval`, so that eval'd strings will be run in the current lexical scope == Examples and Utilities === [examples/] * All Perl 5 programs have been renamed from `*.p5` to `*-p5.pl` * All Perl 6 programs have been renamed from `*.p6` to `*.pl` * All references to them, except in talks, have been likewise updated === [examples/games/dispatch_quiz.pl] * A game to test your knowledge about Perl 6's multi-dispatch system === [misc/runpugs/] * A web teminal for running an interactive Pugs shell on the web * WebTerminal: a library for building web terminals for interactive shells * See [http://run.pugscode.org/] for a live demo == Documentation === [docs/Perl6/Perl5/Differences.pod] * Significantly updated and linked from [http://spec.pugscode.org/] === [docs/Perl6/Spec/] * A new S16 draft for IO/IPC/signals as [docs/Perl6/Spec/IO.pod] * A new S26 draft for documentation as [docs/Perl6/Spec/Documentation.pod] * Revamped S29 draft in [docs/Perl6/Spec/Functions.pod] === [docs/Pugs/Doc/] * New directory for Pugs-specific documentation * [docs/Pugs/Doc/Hack/Style.pod] - Haskell style guide for Pugs hackers === [docs/talks/extraction.xul] * Slides from Nathan Gray's /Practical Extraction with Perl 6/ talk == Perl 6 on Perl 5 === [perl5/Pugs-Compiler-Perl6/] * The `v6.pm` implementation of Perl 6 now handles `./pugs -CPerl5` commands * See its own ChangeLog for more information === [v6/] * A new subproject to write a Perl 6 compiler in Perl 6 * Bootstrapped from the `v6.pm` compiler on the perl5 runtime * See its own ChangeLog for more information == Experimental projects === [misc/pX/Common/P5_to_P6_Translation/] * Converts Perl 5.9.4+'s YAML syntax tree into Perl 6 * Handles regexes, arrays, hashes and many builtin functions * See its own documentation for more information === [misc/pX/Common/convert_regexp_to_six.pl] * Converts Perl 5 regex into Perl 6 * See its own documentation for more information === [misc/pX/Common/redsix/] * An Perl 6 implementation on Ruby 1.9+ * See its own documentation for more information