I am having no luck generating a foreign export and calling it from C. The problem seems to be that I must spoon feed the linker. My working example is the files under this directory on Github: https://github.com/solidsnack/bash/tree/106e4de8358a726984d54859fb0b4aeaf264... Running `make' to produce the executable that imports the binding yields a number of unresolved linkages: :; make import ghc --make -fPIC -dynamic -c exports.hs [1 of 1] Compiling LanguageBashExports ( exports.hs, exports.o ) ghc -shared exports.o exports_stub.o -o exports.so \ -L/usr/lib/ghc-6.12.1/ -lHSrts \ -L/usr/lib/ghc-6.12.1/ghc-prim-0.2.0.0/ -lHSghc-prim-0.2.0.0 \ -L/usr/lib/ghc-6.12.1/integer-gmp-0.2.0.0/ -lHSinteger-gmp-0.2.0.0 \ -L/usr/lib/ghc-6.12.1/base-4.2.0.0/ -lHSbase-4.2.0.0 \ -lffi gcc -g -Wall -O2 -fPIC -Wall -o import \ -I/usr/lib/ghc-6.12.1/include/ \ import.c exports.so exports.so: undefined reference to `timer_settime' exports.so: undefined reference to `__stginit_base_DataziWord_dyn' exports.so: undefined reference to `clock_gettime' exports.so: undefined reference to `__stginit_base_Prelude_dyn' exports.so: undefined reference to `__stginit_base_ForeignziCziTypes_dyn' exports.so: undefined reference to `timer_delete' exports.so: undefined reference to `timer_create' exports.so: undefined reference to `hs_free_stable_ptr' collect2: ld returned 1 exit status make: *** [import] Error 1 If I add linker directives for libHSrts and librt to the compilation of import.c, the only unresolved symbols remaining are the STG init functions for the Prelude, Data.Word and Foreign.C.Types: :; make import gcc -g -Wall -O2 -fPIC -Wall -o import \ -I/usr/lib/ghc-6.12.1/include/ \ import.c exports.so \ -L/usr/lib/ghc-6.12.1/ -lHSrts \ -lrt exports.so: undefined reference to `__stginit_base_DataziWord_dyn' exports.so: undefined reference to `__stginit_base_Prelude_dyn' exports.so: undefined reference to `__stginit_base_ForeignziCziTypes_dyn' collect2: ld returned 1 exit status make: *** [import] Error 1 This "hide and go seek" with symbols really makes me feel like I'm just doing it wrong, though. I linked exports.so statically so why shouldn't it include `hs_free_stable_ptr' already (as well as the stginit functions)? Not sure why I need to mention librt at this step and not at the previous one. The truth is, I don't write C very often and in fact I am only doing this to create a bridge to Ruby. How should I be approaching this? Is there an "SO-chasing" option? -- Jason Dusek Linux User #510144 | http://counter.li.org/