December 2021 - ghc-devs

9.2.2 release schedule?
by Shayne Fletcher 04 Feb '22

04 Feb '22

Anyone know of any scheduling plans for ghc-9.2.2? Happy holidays y'all :) -- Shayne Fletcher

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[Haskell] [ANNOUNCE] GHC 9.0.2 released
by Zubin Duggal 23 Jan '22

23 Jan '22

The GHC developers are very happy to at long last announce the availability of GHC 9.0.2. Binary distributions, source distributions, and documentation are available at the [usual place](https://downloads.haskell.org/ghc/9.0.2/). Download Page: https://www.haskell.org/ghc/download_ghc_9_0_2.html Blog Post: https://www.haskell.org/ghc/blog/20211225-ghc-9.0.2-released.html GHC 9.0.2 adds first class AArch64/Darwin support using the LLVM backend, as well as fixing a number of critical correctness bugs with the 9.0.1 release, along with numerous improvements to compiler performance and memory usage: * First-class support for Apple M1 hardware using GHC's LLVM ARM backend. * Fix a number of incorrect rewrite rules for `fromInteger` (#19345, #20066). * Fix a number of runtime system and GC bugs which typically manifested in crashes (#19417, #19297, #19645, #19667, #18033, #20132, #19715, #20399, #20414, #20649, #19147, #20051, #20093) * Fixes for various compiler performance and memory usage issues (#20134, #13586, #20509, #19668, #19996, #19471) * Improvements and bug fixes for the code generator and optimiser (#18638, #19581, #19700, #19996, #19181, #19822) * Fixes for typechecker bugs (#19410 , #19191, #19522, #19400, #19849) * Bug fixes for the frontend and parser (#19397, #19838, #19518, #19777, #20242, #19786) * Emit warnings if Unicode Bidirectional Formatting characters are found in the source, possibly misleading code reviewers (#20263). * Many packaging related fixes, including versioned `ghc-pkg` executables (#20087), and actually distributing GHC versions linked against the `native` big integer backend (#18967, #19953) on both Windows and Alpine Linux. Some previous releases were still linked against the `GMP` library due to a misconfiguration of the builders. * A significant refactoring of `process` fixing numerous bugs mostly on Apple platforms (#19994, [process refactoring](https://github.com/haskell/process/pull/208)) * Bug fixes for the linker on Darwin platforms (#20004, #19968, #19950). A complete list of bug fixes and improvements can be found in the [release notes](https://downloads.haskell.org/ghc/9.0.2/docs/html/users_guide/9.0.2-…. Finally, thank you to Microsoft Research, GitHub, IOHK, the Zw3rk stake pool, Tweag I/O, Serokell, Equinix, SimSpace, and other anonymous contributors whose on-going financial and in-kind support has facilitated GHC maintenance and release management over the years. Moreover, this release would not have been possible without the hundreds of open-source contributors whose work comprise this release. As always, do open a [ticket][] if you see anything amiss. Happy Holidays and Happy Hacking! - Zubin

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convention around pattern synonyms
by Richard Eisenberg 04 Jan '22

04 Jan '22

Hi devs, Maybe I'm just old fashioned, but I've come to find pattern synonyms really confusing. Because pattern synonyms will tend to appear next to proper data constructors in code (and they look just like data constructors), when I see one, I think it *is* a data constructor. This problem was motivated by a recent MR that introduces a new pattern synonym <https://gitlab.haskell.org/ghc/ghc/-/merge_requests/7261/diffs#7dcf5b567a6c…> that caught me off-guard. So, I'd like to propose the following convention: Every pattern synonym satisfies one of the following two criteria: 1. The pattern synonym is a member of a set of synonyms/constructors that expresses a view of a type. There would naturally be a `COMPLETE` pragma including the set. `GHC.Types.Var.Inferred` is an example. 2. The pattern synonym begins with the prefix `PS_`. In the end, I'd probably prefer just (2). With Inferred, for example, I've been caught in the past trying to figure just what the constructors of ArgFlag were (there seemed to be too many), until I realized what was going on. Pattern synonyms are useful abstractions. I like them. But my mental model of a pattern match is that it matches the structure of the scrutinee and performs no computation. Pattern synonyms violate both of these assumptions, and so (as a reader) I like to know when to put these assumptions to the side. Future IDE support that could, say, color pattern synonyms differently to regular constructors would obviate the need for this convention. What do others think here? `PS_` is ugly. I don't need something quite so loud and ugly, but it's also easy to remember and recognize. Thanks! Richard

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Re: Avoiding full laziness xform / floating-out (Re: What's the benefit of taking "do" blocks apart? Is there a way to turn that off?)
by Erdi, Gergo 31 Dec '21

31 Dec '21

PUBLIC Ah, at least I've figured out why exactly the simplifier does this (regardless of floating out due to full laziness or not): it is because the definition of the default implementation of (>>) is inlined. I have (>>) defined as such: ma >> mb = ma >>= \_ -> mb So when the simplifier encounters a call site "foo >> bar", it needs to bind "foo" and "bar" to avoid duplication (since "ma" and "mb" could occur multiple times on the right-hand side of (>>)'s definition). This means that the best I can hope for would be to avoid floating out "ma" and "mb", but the variable bindings themselves are unavoidable in the face of inlining (and of course I do want inlining). So I'll need to rethink my approach anyway. -----Original Message----- From: Erdi, Gergo Sent: Thursday, December 30, 2021 12:56 PM To: Matthew Pickering <matthewtpickering(a)gmail.com> Cc: Joachim Breitner <mail(a)joachim-breitner.de>; ghc-devs(a)haskell.org Subject: RE: [External] Re: Avoiding full laziness xform / floating-out (Re: What's the benefit of taking "do" blocks apart? Is there a way to turn that off?) PUBLIC Turning on various Opt_D_dump flags, I can see that this tranformation happens in the first iteration of the simplifier. Looking at GHC.Core.Opt.getCoreToDo, I would guess this corresponds to this line: -- initial simplify: mk specialiser happy: minimum effort please runWhen do_presimplify simpl_gently, If I wrote my own optimisation pass, I'm not sure what it could do to inhibit GHC from doing this transformation later on in its pipeline. And I don't want to give up on the simplifier pipeline completely, since there are parts of it that I very much need. One of them is, unfortunately, the specializer itself -- and that comment in getCoreToDo makes me worried that if I somehow managed to get rid of this transformation (or if I skipped the simplifier pipeline completely and just ran the specializer out-of-band), I would break specialization anyway... -----Original Message----- From: Matthew Pickering <matthewtpickering(a)gmail.com> Sent: Thursday, December 30, 2021 10:42 AM To: Erdi, Gergo <Gergo.Erdi(a)sc.com> Cc: Joachim Breitner <mail(a)joachim-breitner.de>; ghc-devs(a)haskell.org Subject: [External] Re: Avoiding full laziness xform / floating-out (Re: What's the benefit of taking "do" blocks apart? Is there a way to turn that off?) Hi Gergo, Sounds like you might be better off writing your own optimisation pass rather than relying on making GHC do what you want. Cheers Matt On Thu, Dec 30, 2021 at 9:05 AM Erdi, Gergo via ghc-devs <ghc-devs(a)haskell.org> wrote: > > PUBLIC > > Hi Joachim, > > Thanks for the hints! > > > Hi Gergo, > > > > Am Dienstag, dem 28.12.2021 um 15:57 +0000 schrieb Erdi, Gergo via > > ghc- > > devs: > > > PUBLIC > > > > phew > > Yeah obviously I'm sitting here not only adding these tags, but also > coming up with the automated systems and also the company policies > forcing the usage of said systems ;) > > > didn't investigate deeper (maybe if you provide a small example I would), but just from looking at this: > > Unfortunately, it's hard to make a small example because this all > lives in bizarro world where "IO" isn't IO, "String" isn't [Char] etc, > so I can't just take the input program and pass it to vanilla GHC. > > > > > * It is generally preferable to turn local lambda expressions > > into top-level functions. This way, instead of dynamically > > allocating a FUN heap object, it's just a static function. > > > > * sat_sKv is an IO expression? Then it is actually a function in a way > > (taking the "State token" as an argument). So the above applies. > > This is "IO" but not GHC's IO, just another type with an opaque > definition and a Monad instance. There's no reason for GHC to think > that sat_sKv would be a function. > > Of course, sat_sKw is necessarily a function since it is the second > argument to bind. But only now I am noticing that even sat_sKw's > definition includes *yet another* floated-out variable: > > sat_sKv = some complicated expression 1 sat_sKu = some complicated > expression 2 sat_sKw = \_ -> sat_sKu main = bindIO sat_sKv sat_sKw > > Here, I don't see why GHC should think that sat_sKv and sat_sKu are > functions. For example, here's the definition of sat_sKu: > > sat_sKu :: IO () > [LclId] > sat_sKu > = let { > sat_sRy [Occ=Once1] :: String > [LclId] > sat_sRy > = let { > sat_sRx [Occ=Once1] :: String > [LclId] > sat_sRx = unpackCStringUtf8# "\n"# } in > let { > sat_sRw [Occ=Once1] :: String > [LclId] > sat_sRw > = case foobar True of { > False -> unpackCStringUtf8# "False"#; > True -> unpackCStringUtf8# "True"# > } } in > sApp# sat_sRw sat_sRx } in > putStrOut sat_sRy > > Here, putStrOut is so opaque that it doesn't even have a definition, > it is merely a name registered into GHC's name tables. So I really > don't see why this looks "function-y" to GHC. > > The reason this is all a problem for me is because I would like to > then interpret all these let-bindings, including the toplevel ones, as > eagerly defined variables. But then there is of course a difference > between > > main = > let a1 = someIOAction1 > a2 = someOtherIOAction2 > a2' = \_ -> a2 > in bindIO a1 a2' > > and > > main = > let a1 = someIOAction1 > a2 = \_ -> someIOAction2 > in bindIO a1 a2 > > because if the *definition* of "a2" throws (not its action), then the > first version will throw immediately whereas the second will only > throw when "main" is *run*, after running "a1". > > > * I think this is the FloatOut pass. You can turn it out using > > -fno-full-laziness. Not sure if some others passes might > > do similar things, though. > > I tried turning off Opt_FullLaziness, but unfortunately I am still > getting the same result. I was also hopeful when I saw there's an > Opt_FloatIn flag, but alas that doesn't change this behaviour either > (and it's turned on by default anyway...) > > I'll try to make a self-contained minimal example next week. > > Thanks, > Gergo > > -----Original Message----- > From: ghc-devs <ghc-devs-bounces(a)haskell.org> On Behalf Of Joachim > Breitner > Sent: Wednesday, December 29, 2021 8:39 PM > To: ghc-devs(a)haskell.org > Subject: [External] Re: What's the benefit of taking "do" blocks apart? Is there a way to turn that off? > > > Hi Gergo, > > Am Dienstag, dem 28.12.2021 um 15:57 +0000 schrieb Erdi, Gergo via > ghc- > devs: > > PUBLIC > > phew > > > I’m seeing ‘do’ blocks getting taking apart into top-level > > definitions, so e.g. > > > > main = do > > some complicated expression 1 > > some complicated expression 2 > > > > is compiled into > > > > sat_sKv = some complicated expression 1 sat_sKw = \_ -> some > > complicated expression 2 main = bindIO sat_sKv sat_sKw > > > > This seems to happen regardless of any common subexpressions, i.e. > > it is not the case that sat_sKv or sat_sKw are used anywhere else. > > > > What is the intended benefit of this floating-out? Is there a > > particular Core-to-Core pass that causes this? Is it possible to > > turn it off? > > > didn’t investigate deeper (maybe if you provide a small example I would), but just from looking at this: > > * It is generally preferable to turn local lambda expressions > into top-level functions. This way, instead of dynamically > allocating a FUN heap object, it’s just a static function. > > * sat_sKv is an IO expression? Then it is actually a function in a way > (taking the “State token” as an argument). So the above applies. > > * I think this is the FloatOut pass. You can turn it out using > -fno-full-laziness. Not sure if some others passes might > do similar things, though. > > Cheers, > Joachim > > > -- > Joachim Breitner > mail(a)joachim-breitner.de > This email and any attachments are confidential and may also be privileged. If you are not the intended recipient, please delete all copies and notify the sender immediately. You may wish to refer to the incorporation details of Standard Chartered PLC, Standard Chartered Bank and their subsidiaries at https: //www.sc.com/en/our-locations Where you have a Financial Markets relationship with Standard Chartered PLC, Standard Chartered Bank and their subsidiaries (the "Group"), information on the regulatory standards we adhere to and how it may affect you can be found in our Regulatory Compliance Statement at https: //www.sc.com/rcs/ and Regulatory Compliance Disclosures at http: //www.sc.com/rcs/fm Insofar as this communication is not sent by the Global Research team and contains any market commentary, the market commentary has been prepared by the sales and/or trading desk of Standard Chartered Bank or its affiliate. It is not and does not constitute research material, independent research, recommendation or financial advice. 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Avoiding full laziness xform / floating-out (Re: What's the benefit of taking "do" blocks apart? Is there a way to turn that off?)
by Erdi, Gergo 30 Dec '21

30 Dec '21

PUBLIC Hi Joachim, Thanks for the hints! > Hi Gergo, > > Am Dienstag, dem 28.12.2021 um 15:57 +0000 schrieb Erdi, Gergo via ghc- > devs: > > PUBLIC > > phew Yeah obviously I'm sitting here not only adding these tags, but also coming up with the automated systems and also the company policies forcing the usage of said systems ;) > didn't investigate deeper (maybe if you provide a small example I would), but just from looking at this: Unfortunately, it's hard to make a small example because this all lives in bizarro world where "IO" isn't IO, "String" isn't [Char] etc, so I can't just take the input program and pass it to vanilla GHC. > > * It is generally preferable to turn local lambda expressions > into top-level functions. This way, instead of dynamically > allocating a FUN heap object, it's just a static function. > > * sat_sKv is an IO expression? Then it is actually a function in a way > (taking the "State token" as an argument). So the above applies. This is "IO" but not GHC's IO, just another type with an opaque definition and a Monad instance. There's no reason for GHC to think that sat_sKv would be a function. Of course, sat_sKw is necessarily a function since it is the second argument to bind. But only now I am noticing that even sat_sKw's definition includes *yet another* floated-out variable: sat_sKv = some complicated expression 1 sat_sKu = some complicated expression 2 sat_sKw = \_ -> sat_sKu main = bindIO sat_sKv sat_sKw Here, I don't see why GHC should think that sat_sKv and sat_sKu are functions. For example, here's the definition of sat_sKu: sat_sKu :: IO () [LclId] sat_sKu = let { sat_sRy [Occ=Once1] :: String [LclId] sat_sRy = let { sat_sRx [Occ=Once1] :: String [LclId] sat_sRx = unpackCStringUtf8# "\n"# } in let { sat_sRw [Occ=Once1] :: String [LclId] sat_sRw = case foobar True of { False -> unpackCStringUtf8# "False"#; True -> unpackCStringUtf8# "True"# } } in sApp# sat_sRw sat_sRx } in putStrOut sat_sRy Here, putStrOut is so opaque that it doesn't even have a definition, it is merely a name registered into GHC's name tables. So I really don't see why this looks "function-y" to GHC. The reason this is all a problem for me is because I would like to then interpret all these let-bindings, including the toplevel ones, as eagerly defined variables. But then there is of course a difference between main = let a1 = someIOAction1 a2 = someOtherIOAction2 a2' = \_ -> a2 in bindIO a1 a2' and main = let a1 = someIOAction1 a2 = \_ -> someIOAction2 in bindIO a1 a2 because if the *definition* of "a2" throws (not its action), then the first version will throw immediately whereas the second will only throw when "main" is *run*, after running "a1". > * I think this is the FloatOut pass. You can turn it out using > -fno-full-laziness. Not sure if some others passes might > do similar things, though. I tried turning off Opt_FullLaziness, but unfortunately I am still getting the same result. I was also hopeful when I saw there's an Opt_FloatIn flag, but alas that doesn't change this behaviour either (and it's turned on by default anyway...) I'll try to make a self-contained minimal example next week. Thanks, Gergo -----Original Message----- From: ghc-devs <ghc-devs-bounces(a)haskell.org> On Behalf Of Joachim Breitner Sent: Wednesday, December 29, 2021 8:39 PM To: ghc-devs(a)haskell.org Subject: [External] Re: What's the benefit of taking "do" blocks apart? Is there a way to turn that off? [You don't often get email from mail(a)joachim-breitner.de. Learn why this is important at http://aka.ms/LearnAboutSenderIdentification.] ATTENTION: This email came from an external source. Do not open attachments or click on links from unknown senders or unexpected emails. Always report suspicious emails using the Report As Phishing button in Outlook to protect the Bank and our clients. Hi Gergo, Am Dienstag, dem 28.12.2021 um 15:57 +0000 schrieb Erdi, Gergo via ghc- devs: > PUBLIC phew > I’m seeing ‘do’ blocks getting taking apart into top-level > definitions, so e.g. > > main = do > some complicated expression 1 > some complicated expression 2 > > is compiled into > > sat_sKv = some complicated expression 1 sat_sKw = \_ -> some > complicated expression 2 main = bindIO sat_sKv sat_sKw > > This seems to happen regardless of any common subexpressions, i.e. it > is not the case that sat_sKv or sat_sKw are used anywhere else. > > What is the intended benefit of this floating-out? Is there a > particular Core-to-Core pass that causes this? Is it possible to turn > it off? didn’t investigate deeper (maybe if you provide a small example I would), but just from looking at this: * It is generally preferable to turn local lambda expressions into top-level functions. This way, instead of dynamically allocating a FUN heap object, it’s just a static function. * sat_sKv is an IO expression? Then it is actually a function in a way (taking the “State token” as an argument). So the above applies. * I think this is the FloatOut pass. You can turn it out using -fno-full-laziness. Not sure if some others passes might do similar things, though. Cheers, Joachim -- Joachim Breitner mail(a)joachim-breitner.de https://clicktime.symantec.com/33oTTj3Bye1kkqsmxZWi3QZ6xU?u=http%3A%2F%2Fww… _______________________________________________ ghc-devs mailing list ghc-devs(a)haskell.org https://clicktime.symantec.com/3bo4KFUFPcVSdMe4B1CUzr6xU?u=http%3A%2F%2Fmai… This email and any attachments are confidential and may also be privileged. If you are not the intended recipient, please delete all copies and notify the sender immediately. You may wish to refer to the incorporation details of Standard Chartered PLC, Standard Chartered Bank and their subsidiaries at https: //www.sc.com/en/our-locations Where you have a Financial Markets relationship with Standard Chartered PLC, Standard Chartered Bank and their subsidiaries (the "Group"), information on the regulatory standards we adhere to and how it may affect you can be found in our Regulatory Compliance Statement at https: //www.sc.com/rcs/ and Regulatory Compliance Disclosures at http: //www.sc.com/rcs/fm Insofar as this communication is not sent by the Global Research team and contains any market commentary, the market commentary has been prepared by the sales and/or trading desk of Standard Chartered Bank or its affiliate. It is not and does not constitute research material, independent research, recommendation or financial advice. Any market commentary is for information purpose only and shall not be relied on for any other purpose and is subject to the relevant disclaimers available at https: //www.sc.com/en/regulatory-disclosures/#market-disclaimer. Insofar as this communication is sent by the Global Research team and contains any research materials prepared by members of the team, the research material is for information purpose only and shall not be relied on for any other purpose, and is subject to the relevant disclaimers available at https: //research.sc.com/research/api/application/static/terms-and-conditions. Insofar as this e-mail contains the term sheet for a proposed transaction, by responding affirmatively to this e-mail, you agree that you have understood the terms and conditions in the attached term sheet and evaluated the merits and risks of the transaction. We may at times also request you to sign the term sheet to acknowledge the same. 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What's the benefit of taking "do" blocks apart? Is there a way to turn that off?
by Erdi, Gergo 30 Dec '21

30 Dec '21

PUBLIC Hi, I'm seeing 'do' blocks getting taking apart into top-level definitions, so e.g. main = do some complicated expression 1 some complicated expression 2 is compiled into sat_sKv = some complicated expression 1 sat_sKw = \_ -> some complicated expression 2 main = bindIO sat_sKv sat_sKw This seems to happen regardless of any common subexpressions, i.e. it is not the case that sat_sKv or sat_sKw are used anywhere else. What is the intended benefit of this floating-out? Is there a particular Core-to-Core pass that causes this? Is it possible to turn it off? Thanks, Gergo This email and any attachments are confidential and may also be privileged. If you are not the intended recipient, please delete all copies and notify the sender immediately. You may wish to refer to the incorporation details of Standard Chartered PLC, Standard Chartered Bank and their subsidiaries at https: //www.sc.com/en/our-locations Where you have a Financial Markets relationship with Standard Chartered PLC, Standard Chartered Bank and their subsidiaries (the "Group"), information on the regulatory standards we adhere to and how it may affect you can be found in our Regulatory Compliance Statement at https: //www.sc.com/rcs/ and Regulatory Compliance Disclosures at http: //www.sc.com/rcs/fm Insofar as this communication is not sent by the Global Research team and contains any market commentary, the market commentary has been prepared by the sales and/or trading desk of Standard Chartered Bank or its affiliate. It is not and does not constitute research material, independent research, recommendation or financial advice. Any market commentary is for information purpose only and shall not be relied on for any other purpose and is subject to the relevant disclaimers available at https: //www.sc.com/en/regulatory-disclosures/#market-disclaimer. Insofar as this communication is sent by the Global Research team and contains any research materials prepared by members of the team, the research material is for information purpose only and shall not be relied on for any other purpose, and is subject to the relevant disclaimers available at https: //research.sc.com/research/api/application/static/terms-and-conditions. Insofar as this e-mail contains the term sheet for a proposed transaction, by responding affirmatively to this e-mail, you agree that you have understood the terms and conditions in the attached term sheet and evaluated the merits and risks of the transaction. We may at times also request you to sign the term sheet to acknowledge the same. Please visit https: //www.sc.com/en/regulatory-disclosures/dodd-frank/ for important information with respect to derivative products.

2 1

Output language of typechecking pass?
by Benjamin Redelings 29 Dec '21

29 Dec '21

Hi, I have been looking for info on what actually comes out of the type-checking pass in GHC. This is mostly because it seems like the "Type classes in Haskell" paper implements both type checking and translation to dictionary-passing in one pass, whereas it seems like GHC separates this into (i) type checking and (ii) desugaring. Questions: 1. It seems like this separation is actually necessary, in order to apply generalization only to let arguments written by the programmer, and not to let bindings introduced during desugaring. Is that right? 2. Does the output of type checking contain type lambdas? 3. Does the type checking pass determine where to add dictionary arguments? 4. Are there any other resources I should be looking at? I am confused about #3, because the `-ddump-tc` output doesn't seem to show any type dictionaries in function bodies themselves, but it does seem to contain some kind of info about dictionaries as "evidence" -- but I am not sure what "evidence" is, or how it links into the AST for a function body. I did briefly look at `-ddump-tc-ast`, but not in detail yet. -BenRI

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Measuring thread cpu time (using bound threads)
by Harendra Kumar 29 Dec '21

29 Dec '21

Hi GHC devs, I want to measure the CPU time spent in a particular Haskell thread across thread yield points. I am assuming Haskell threads do not keep track of per thread cpu time. Therefore, to measure it I have to use the thread cpu clock (CLOCK_THREAD_CPUTIME_ID) provided by the OS (Linux). But Haskell threads can keep jumping across multiple OS threads so the OS thread's CPU time cannot be used reliably. To solve that issue I thought I could use bound threads. From the documentation it sounded like bound threads are exclusively bound to a particular OS thread so we can get thread cpu time from the OS and use it. However, if I print the thread id for a bound thread using "gettid" (OS thread id on Linux) or using "pthread_self" (pthread id), both these thread ids are changing for the same Haskell thread which is a bound thread. Is that expected, or am I doing something wrong? My questions: * Are bound threads really bound to a particular OS thread or they can use multiple OS threads for executing Haskell code, and only use a fixed OS thread for FFI code? * Is there a way to make this work? Can we obtain the thread cpu time reliably across thread yield points? Is there a way to really bind Haskell threads to OS threads? * Is there a better or alternative way to get the thread CPU time? Thanks, Harendra

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Source locations from Core
by Erdi, Gergo 28 Dec '21

28 Dec '21

PUBLIC Hi, I'm looking for ways to map Core fragments back to source locations. I see there is an annotated version of Core in `GHC/Core.hs` called `AnnExpr`, which I could see being useful for this if I set the annotation type to `SrcSpan`, but that's not what I get out of GHC's desugarer, simplifier or tidier. If there's no built-in mechanism for this, my only idea would be to create a HsExpr-to-HsExpr transformation that wraps every node in a call that is opaque enough to be persisted through Core-to-Core transformations but still transparent enough that it doesn't block optimization opportunities. Is that even possible? Alternatively, would it make it easer if I was content with only getting source locations for variable occurrences? Thanks, Gergo This email and any attachments are confidential and may also be privileged. If you are not the intended recipient, please delete all copies and notify the sender immediately. You may wish to refer to the incorporation details of Standard Chartered PLC, Standard Chartered Bank and their subsidiaries at https: //www.sc.com/en/our-locations Where you have a Financial Markets relationship with Standard Chartered PLC, Standard Chartered Bank and their subsidiaries (the "Group"), information on the regulatory standards we adhere to and how it may affect you can be found in our Regulatory Compliance Statement at https: //www.sc.com/rcs/ and Regulatory Compliance Disclosures at http: //www.sc.com/rcs/fm Insofar as this communication is not sent by the Global Research team and contains any market commentary, the market commentary has been prepared by the sales and/or trading desk of Standard Chartered Bank or its affiliate. It is not and does not constitute research material, independent research, recommendation or financial advice. Any market commentary is for information purpose only and shall not be relied on for any other purpose and is subject to the relevant disclaimers available at https: //www.sc.com/en/regulatory-disclosures/#market-disclaimer. Insofar as this communication is sent by the Global Research team and contains any research materials prepared by members of the team, the research material is for information purpose only and shall not be relied on for any other purpose, and is subject to the relevant disclaimers available at https: //research.sc.com/research/api/application/static/terms-and-conditions. Insofar as this e-mail contains the term sheet for a proposed transaction, by responding affirmatively to this e-mail, you agree that you have understood the terms and conditions in the attached term sheet and evaluated the merits and risks of the transaction. We may at times also request you to sign the term sheet to acknowledge the same. Please visit https: //www.sc.com/en/regulatory-disclosures/dodd-frank/ for important information with respect to derivative products.

2 2

CI: Choice of base commit for perf comparisons
by Joachim Breitner 23 Dec '21

23 Dec '21

Hi, the new (or “new”?) handling of perf numbers, where CI just magically records and compares them, without us having to manually edit the `all.T` files, is a big improvement, thanks! However, I found the choice of the base commit to compare against unhelpful. Assume master is at commit M, and I start a feature branch and MR with commit A. CI runs, and tells me about a performance regressions, and CI is red. I now fix the issue and push commit B to the branch. CI runs, but it picks A to compare against, and now it is red because of an seemingly unexpected performance improvement! I would have expected that all CI runs for this MR to compare the performance against the base branch on master, and to look for perf change notices in all commit messages in between. I see these advantages: * The reported perf changes correspond to the changes shown on the MR page * Green CI = the MR is ready (after squashing) * CI will have numbers for the base commit more reliably (else, if I push commit C quickly after B, then the job for B might be cancelled and Ci will report changes of C against A instead of B, which is unexpected). I have used this logic of reporting perf changes (or any other “differential CI”) against the base branch in the Motoko project and it was quite natural. Would it be desirable and possible for us here, too? (A possible rebuttal might be: we don’t push new commits to feature branches, but always squash and rebase, as that’s what we have to do before merging anyways. If that’s the case then ok, although I generally lean to having chronological commits on feature branches and a nice squashed commit on master.) Cheers, Joachim -- Joachim Breitner mail(a)joachim-breitner.de http://www.joachim-breitner.de/

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